Vocab Unit 6

Question 1

An organism has a ____ genotype when both of its alleles are the same

Answer 1

Homozygous

Question 2

A ___ is a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein to be made

Answer 2

Gene

Question 3

Genes that exhibit more than two possible allele types are examples of

Answer 3

Multiple allelism

Question 4

The __ is used to interpret how codons will he translated into amino acids

Answer 4

Universal genetic code

Question 5

DNA is ____ meaning it has two backbones

Answer 5

Double stranded

Question 6

____ are the alternate forms of the same gene

Answer 6

Alleles

Question 7

____ are lengths of DNA that contain specific sets of genes

Answer 7

Chromosomes

Question 8

A pattern of inheritance in which neither allele is fully dominant and results in an intermediate phenotype

Answer 8

Incomplete dominance

Question 9

A pattern of inheritance in which one allele controls the physical appearance of the organism

Answer 9

Dominant recessive

Question 10

The haploid cells that fuse sexual reproduction

Answer 10

Gamete

Question 11

A pattern of inheritance in which two alleles are dominant and both show in the phenotype

Answer 11

Codominance

Question 12

An organism has a ___ genotype when it’s set of alleles are different from one another

Answer 12

Heterozygous

Question 13

After the S-phase of the cell cycle each chromosome consists of two copies of the DNA known as

Answer 13

Sister Chromatids

Question 14

____ is produced during transcription and serves as instructions for ribosomes

Answer 14

mRNA

Question 15

Sexual reproduction produces genetically unique offspring while asexual produces identical offspring

Answer 15

Sexual vs asexual

Question 16

A three letter “code” that determines what amino acid ribosomes need to add to the protein

Answer 16

Codon

Question 17

A type of cell division that produces gametes

Answer 17

Meiosis

Question 18

The process by which an mRNA version of a gene is made

Answer 18

Transcription

Question 19

The set of alleles that an organism has that controls a trait

Answer 19

Genotype

Question 20

A pattern of inheritance in which the gene is found on the X chromosome

Answer 20

Sex-linked

Question 21

Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine are the ___ of DNA

Answer 21

Base pairs

Question 22

The process in which chromosomes crossover producing variation

Answer 22

Recombination

Question 23

The process by which ribosomes use mRNA to build proteins one amino acid at a time

Answer 23

Translation

Question 24

DNA ___ can result in changes to proteins the ribosomes produce

Answer 24

Mutation

Question 25

The physical trait produced by the genes of an organism

Answer 25

Phenotype