C11: Polymerisation Flashcards
conditions for
polymerisations reactions ?
- high pressure
- catalyst
eg of synthetic polymers?
- plastics
- polystyrene cups
- nylon
how is poly(ethene) made from ethene?
- double C=C bond is BROKEN
- Bonds with adjacent ethene monomers
what are addition polymers?
formed by joining up many monomers / only occurs in monomer that contain C=C bond
what are condesation polymers?
formed when 2 different monomers are linked tgt , with the removal of small molecule - water
what are polypeptides?
- amine group / carboxylic acid group (in amino acids) react by condesation polymerisation to form polypeptides
what are proteins?
one or more long chains of polypeptides
what the effect of proteins containing different amino acids?
- order of amino acids effects protein structure/properties
DNA structure?
- consists of 4 different monomers called nucleotides , which contain bases
- nucleotides form 2 polymer strands that intertwine - double helix
naturally occuring polymers for life and their monomers?
proteins - aminoa cids
starch - glucose
cellulose - glucose
describe the process of condensation polymerisation?
Monomers with different functional groups
React and form bonds between them making chains
One small molecule is lost per per link
uses of addition polymers?
plastic bags
plastic bottles
cling film
drain pipes
describe how addition polymer is formed from monomers?
- many monomers bond together
- to form a long chain polymer
- double C=C bond breaks to bond to adjacent molecule
- no other substances produced in process
why is biodiesel sustainable?
- renewable
- uses refined aste oils
- waste is biodegradable
- carbon neutral
what does carbon neutral mean?
trees are replanted
- taking in CO2 in photosynthesis
- its a continous carbon cycle as Co2 is returned in combustion
