Lung Mechanics

Question 0

Name the pleura and where they are found

Answer 0

Visceral - attached to lungs

Parietal - attached to chest wall

Question 1

Define distend

Answer 1

Swell or cause to swell by pressure from the inside

Question 2

What is the formula for elasticity?

Answer 2

Elasticity (E) = change in Pressure / change in Volume

Question 3

What is the formula for compliance?

Answer 3

Compliance (C) = change in Volume / change in Pressure

Question 4

Unit of elasticity?

Answer 4

CmH2O/L

Question 5

Unit of compliance?

Answer 5

L/cmH2O

Question 6

Describe the three types of pneumothorax and what happens with each

Answer 6

1. Chest wall, parietal pleura pierced - lung does not expand/contract
2. Chest wall, parietal, visceral, lung pierced - air leaks from lung
3. Parietal, visceral, lung pierced (tension) - ventilation goes into pleural space

Question 7

Role of type 1 alveolar cells?

Answer 7

Allow diffusion of O2 and CO2

Question 8

Role of type 2 alveolar cells?

Answer 8

Secrete surfactant to decrease surface tension of alveolar cells

Question 9

Difference between respiration and ventilation and oxygenation?

Answer 9

Respiration is the metabolic pathways at the cellular level
Ventilation is the removal of CO2 from the lungs
Oxygenation is the bringing in of oxygen into the respiratory system

Question 10

As lung expands, compliance _________ and elasticity _________?

Answer 10

Compliance decreases and elasticity increases.

Question 11

Explain LePlace’s Law

Answer 11

As alveolus becomes smaller, the surface tension increases. This makes it more likely for the smaller alveolus to collapse.

Question 12

Natural tendency of lungs is to ________ and tendency of thorax is to ________.

Answer 12

Lungs to collapse, thorax to expand