Cell Structures

Question 1

Prokaryotic Cell

Answer 1

Smaller, circular DNA, No membrane around nucleus, no organelles, tough walls made from peptidoglycan

Question 2

Peptidoglycan

Answer 2

The substance that makes up external walls on prokaryotic cells

Question 3

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 3

Larger, cytoskeleton, linear DNA

Question 4

What structure is unique to animals cells?

Answer 4

Lysosomes

Question 5

What structures are unique to plant cells?

Answer 5

Cell wall, central vacuole, chloloplast

Question 6

Nucleus Function

Answer 6

Contains cell genes

Question 7

What is chromatin?

Answer 7

Coiled molecules of DNA and protein

Question 8

Ribosome function and location

Answer 8

Function: protein synthesis

Location: Free (in cytosol), Connected (on Outside the ER)

Question 9

What makes ribosomes?

Answer 9

Nucleolus, located in the nucleus

Question 10

Cytosol

Answer 10

Liquid in a cell

Question 11

What systems are a part of the Endomembrane System?

Answer 11

ER, Golgie Apparatus, Lysosomes, Central Vacuole, Nuclear membrane, Plasma Membrane

Question 12

ER translation

Answer 12

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 13

Rough ER

Answer 13

Creates membranes, proteins, and transport vesicles

Question 14

Smooth ER

Answer 14

Creates Lipids, creates and stores glycogen, stores calcium, breaksdown toxins and drugs

Question 15

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 15

Modifies products of ER, makes some macromolecules, sorts materials into vesicles.

Question 16

Mitochondria

Answer 16

Cellular respiration, generates ATP

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

Vesicles containing hydrolytoc enzymes to digest macromolecules

Question 18

Vacuole

Answer 18

Large vesicle derived from ER and Golgi

Question 19

Chloroplast

Answer 19

Site of photosynthesis

Question 20

Cytoskeleton

Answer 20

Network of fibers through cytoplasm. Anchors organelles. Moves organelles and cell

Question 21

Micropfilament

Answer 21

Smaller
Cell mobility
Cytoplasmic streaming
Muscle contraction

Question 22

Microtubules

Answer 22

Maintain cell shape
Organelle movement
Separate chromosomes for cell division
Movement of cilia and flagella

Question 23

Plasmodesmata

Answer 23

Small pore in cell wall to allow cells to communicate

Question 24

Plant cell wall substance

Answer 24

Cellulose

Question 25

Fungi cell wall substance

Answer 25

Chitin

Question 26

Endomembrane system function

Answer 26

Synthesis of proteins, transport of proteins, metabolism and movement of lipids, detoxification.

Question 27

ER and Golgi is made from tubueles and sacs called….

Answer 27

Cisternae

Question 28

Golgi apparatus, cis and trans face

Answer 28

Cis: Receiving end

Trans: Shipping end

Question 29

Cebtrosome and Centrioles function

Answer 29

Organize microtubules

Question 30

Central Vacuole function

Answer 30

Storage, breaks down waste, hydrolysis of macromolecules.