Respiratory 1 Flashcards
What is the purpose of costal cartilage?
Continuation of the ribs attaching to sternum
What is the purpose of the thoracic cage?
Protect organs in the thoracic cavity
What does the thoracic inlet articulate with and what’s another name for it?
Superior thoracic aperture. posteriorly with 1st vertebral body. Laterally with 1st pair of ribs. Anteriorly with manubrium of sternum
What are the 3 parts of the sternum?
Top - manubrium
Middle - sternal body
Bottom - xiphoidoses
What is another name for the thoracic outlet and what does it articulate with?
Inferior thoracic aperture. 12th vertebral body inferiorly. 11th and 12th pair of ribs laterally. Costal cartilage of xiphisternal joint anteriorly
What is significant about 1st rib?
Broad and flat.
Has only 1 costal facet on head, articulating with 1st vertebra only.
It’s tubercle articulates with transverse process on first vertebra - costotransverse joint
2 shallow grooves separated by tubercle.
- grooves are for subclavian artery (medial) and subclavian vein (distal)
What are a features of a typical rib?
Head with 2 articular facets
Neck
Tubercle
Body with grooves
What is a costotransverse joint?
Synovial planar joint attaching rib tubercle to transverse process on same number vertebra
Where does a rib’s articular facets articulate?
Superior facet articulates with above vertebral body
Inferior facet articulates with same number vertebral body
What ribs are sternocostal joints?
2-7
What ribs are interchondral joints and what do they join?
8-10. Synovial planar, binding cartilage together
Which joints are synchondroses?
Primary cartilagenous joints
1st rib and manubrium of sternum - costosternal
Xiphoid and sternal body - xiphisternal joint
Which joint is symphysis?
Manubriosternal joint
The sternal angle between the manubrium and sternal body
Where are costal grooves found and what runs down them?
On the inside of the ribs. Veins, arteries and nerves VAN
Which intercostal muscles are present?
3 layers
Outermost is external intercostal
Middle is internal intercostal
Innermost is innermost intercostal