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Meteorology > Air Masses & Pressure Systems > Flashcards

Air Masses & Pressure Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features on a synoptic chart called?

A

Isobaric Features

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2
Q

What is an Air Mass?

A

An air mass is a volume of air with many uniform characteristics extending over a large region.

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3
Q

What influences Air Mass characteristics?

A

The lengrh of time spent over a region the greater the influence of the characteristics of the region.

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4
Q

What is the temperature of Equatorial, Tropical, Polar and Arctic air masses?

A

Equatorial - Very Warm
Tropical - Warm
Polar - Cold
Arctic - Very Cold

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5
Q

What are the differences in humidity between maritime and continental air masses?

A

Maritime air mass is relatively humid
Continental air mass is relatively dry

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6
Q

Describe an Arctic Air Mass

A

Very cold and humid

Wet cold air brings snow in winter

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7
Q

Describe a Polar Maritime Air Mass

A

Cold and humid

Wet, cold air brings cold showery weather

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8
Q

Describe a Returning Polar Maritime Air Mass

A

Mild and humid

Moist, mild and unstable air bringing cloud and rain showers

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9
Q

Describe a Tropical Maritime Air Mass

A

Warm and humid

Warm, moist air brings cloud, rain and mild weather

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10
Q

Describe a Tropical Continental Air Mass

A

Warm and dry

Hot dry air brings hot weather in summer

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11
Q

Describe a Polar Continental Air Mass

A

Cold and dry

Hot air brings dry summers. Cold air brings snow in winter.

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12
Q

What are the properties of cold air moving over a warmer surface?

A

Stability - Unstable with convection
Type of clouds - Convective
Cloud Base - Fairly High, except during precipitation
Precipitation - Showers, sometimes heavy
Visibility - Excellent, except in precipitation

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13
Q

What are the properties of warm air moving over a colder surface?

A

Stability - Stable and smooth
Type of clouds - Layered
Cloud Base - Generally low
Precipitation - Continuous, light or moderate
Visibility - Poor, with risk of mist, fog or haze

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14
Q

What are the names given to Low Pressure Systems?

A

Depressions or cyclones

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15
Q

What is the name given to High Pressure Systems?

A

Anticyclones

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16
Q

What are Depressions characterised by?

A

Strong Winds
Rising Air
Condensation, Cloud Development & Rain
Anti-clockwise movement
Low Pressure

17
Q

What are Anticyclones characterised by?

A

Light Winds
Subsiding Air
Clear Skies and Fine Weather
Clockwise Movement
High Pressure

18
Q

How high do Depressions and Anticyclones extend?

A

Both systems extend vertically throughout the entire depth of the troposphere.

19
Q

What conditions are needed for anticyclonic gloom?

A

Relatively high humidity
Clear skies
Surface cooling by radiation

Meteorology (15 decks)

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