WK 1 - Introduction to psychology

Question 1

Which perspective would suggest that the mind can be viewed as an information processing system?

Answer 1

Cognitive

Question 2

The _______________ perspective sees behaviour as being motivated by forces that individuals may not understand or be aware of.

Answer 2

Psychodynamic

Question 3

The _______________ perspective would suggest that psychological science is the study of behaviour that is observable and measurable.

Answer 3

Behaviourist

Question 4

The _______________ perspective sees our behaviours developing as a result of our species’ adaptation to the challenges of surviving across millennia.

Answer 4

Evolutionary

Question 5

The _______________ perspective might suggest that future behaviour is influenced by memory and analysis of past experience

Answer 5

cognitive

Question 6

Which perspective would most likely make this statement:

“One limitiation of our understanding of behaviour is that most research has been conducted on subjects from North America.”

Answer 6

Sociocultural

Question 7

The _______________ perspective would suggest that behaviour is powerfully influenced by its consequences in the form of reinforcement and punishment.

Answer 7

behaviourist

Question 8

Which perspective would most likely suggest that behaviour may be the product of unconcious conflict and anxiety?

Answer 8

Psychodynamic

Question 9

Angelia is a cognitive psychologist. As a cognitive psychologist she:

Answer 9

Infers mental processes from experimental data.

Question 10

Behaviourists are not comfortable with studying mental events such as thoughts or feelings because:

Answer 10

they cannot be independently verified because they are not directly observable.

Question 11

Diane is keeping an in-depth record of her conscious awareness including sensation, images, feelings, and thoughts that she is aware of experiencing. Diane is practising what Wundt would call:

Answer 11

Introspection

Question 12

My essay examines the relationship between conscious awareness and unconscious mental forces being analogous to the visible tip of an iceberg and the vast, submerged hulk that lies out of sight beneath the water. This notion best fits with which of the following perspectives?

Answer 12

Psychodynamic

Question 13

Which of these psychologists opened the first psychology laboratory and is often described as the ‘father of psychology’?

Answer 13

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 14

Psychology is the study of which three mental processes?

Answer 14

Thoughts, feelings and memory

Question 15

Who originated the psychodynamic perspective?

Answer 15

Sigmund Freud

Question 16

Which perspective sees the mind like a computer; enduring patterns of thought are like software.

Answer 16

Cognitive perspective

Question 17

The _____________ perspective focuses on the relation between environmental events and the responses of the organism.

Answer 17

behaviourist

Question 18

The _______________ perspective emphasises the uniqueness of the individual and focuses on the person’s immediate experience.

Answer 18

humanistic

Question 19

Humanistic methods typically focus on helping individuals understand their own unique frame of reference and work towards achieving ______________.

Answer 19

self-actualisation

Question 20

The _____________ perspective argues that many human behavioural proclivities exist because they helped our ancestors survive and produce offspring that would be more likely to survive.

Answer 20

evolutionary

Question 21

A skill that involves carefully examining and analysing information to judge its value, assessing both its strengths and its weaknesses, and considering alternative explanations.

Answer 21

Critical thinking

Question 22

The capacity to understand another person’s experience, both cognitively and emotionally.

Answer 22

Empathy

Question 23

The philosophical question of whether people act on the basis of their freely chosen intentions, or whether their actions are caused or determined by physical processes in their bodies or in the environment in which they live.

Answer 23

Free will or determinism

Question 24

An approach to personality that focuses on aspects of personality that are distinctly human, not shared by other animals.

Answer 24

Humanistic perspective

Question 25

The focus on understanding and harnessing positive emotions and actively stimulating conditions that produce valued, subjective experiences that help people flourish.

Answer 25

Positive psychology

Question 26

The ______________ perspective originates from the early work of Pavlov and Skinner and focuses on examining the way the environment shapes behaviour.

Answer 26

behaviourist

Question 27

Maslow and Carl Rogers were key figures in which psychological perspective?

Answer 27

Humanistic

Question 28

B. F. Skinner was a key figure in which psychological perspective?

Answer 28

Behaviourist

Question 29

________________ psychology focuses on the way people perceive, process and retrieve information.

Answer 29

Cognitive

Question 30

Which perspective thinks of conciousness like the tip of an iceberg?

Answer 30

Psychodynamic

Question 31

Who founded the first psycholigical laboratory in 1879?

Answer 31

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 32

The belief that the path to scientific knowledge is systematic observation and, ideally, experimental observation.

Answer 32

Empiricism

Question 33

The study of the reciprocal relationships between humans and nature, with a focus on changing attitudes and behaviours to encourage conservation of the environment.

Answer 33

Conservation psychology

Question 34

The field that attempts to test psychological hypotheses in different cultures.

Answer 34

Cross-cultural psychology

Question 35

The process of looking inward at one’s own mental contents or process.

Answer 35

Introspection

Question 36

Self-actualisation forms a part of which psychological perspective?

Answer 36

Humanistic