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a10. MSK (Anatomy: Lower Limb) > 1.2.6.4. Muscles of the Gluteal Region > Flashcards

1.2.6.4. Muscles of the Gluteal Region Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the Gluteal Region located?

A
  1. Posteriorly to the Pelvic Girdle
  2. At the Proximal End of the Femur
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2
Q

Where do the Muscles of the Gluteal Region act?

A

The Hip Joint

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3
Q

What are the 2 broad groups of Muscles of the Gluteal Region?

A
  1. Superficial Abductor and Extender Muscles
  2. Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles
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4
Q

What are the Superficial Abductors and Extender Muscles of the Gluteal Region?

A
  1. Gluteus Maximus Muscle
  2. Gluteus Medius Muscle
  3. Gluteus Minimus Muscle
  4. Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle
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5
Q

Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle originate from?

A
  1. Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Ilium
  2. Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Sacrum
  3. Gluteal (Posterior) Surface of the Coccyx
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6
Q

Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle travel?

A
  1. Across the Buttock at a 45 degree angle
  2. Through the Iliotibial Tract
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7
Q

Where does the Gluteus Maximus Muscle attach distally?

A

Gluteal Tuberosity of the Femur

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8
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?

A
  1. Extension of the Hip Joint
  2. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint
    Note - It is only used when force is required, e.g. running, climbing, squatting etc.
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9
Q

What is the main Extensor of the Hip Joint?

A

The Gluteus Maximus Muscle

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

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11
Q

What is the significance of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle?

A

It is the largest and most superficial of the Gluteal Muscles, and so produces the shape of the Buttocks

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12
Q

What shape is the Gluteus Medius Muscle?

A

Fan-shaped

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13
Q

Where is the Gluteus Medius Muscle located, in relation to the Superficial Abductors and Extender Muscles of the Gluteal Region?

A
  1. Deep to the Gluteus Maximus Muscle
  2. Superficial to the Gluteus Minimus Muscle
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14
Q

Where does the Gluteus Medius Muscle originate from?

A

Gluteal Surface of the Ilium

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15
Q

Where does the Gluteus Medius Muscle attach distally?

A

Lateral Surface of the Greater Trochanter of the Femur

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16
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Medius Muscle?

A
  1. Adduction of the Hip Joint
  2. Medial Rotation of the Hip Joint
  3. Secures the Pelvis
    (4. Posterior Fibers are thought to produce a small amount of Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint)
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17
Q

What happens when the Gluteus Medius Muscle “Secures the Pelvis”?

A

It prevents Pelvic Drop of the other Limb during locomotion

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18
Q

What is the innervation of the Gluteus Medius Muscle?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve

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19
Q

What is the Shape and Function of the Gluteus Medius Muscle similar to?

A

Gluteus Minimus Muscle, they are both Fan-shaped

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20
Q

Where is the Gluteus Minimus Muscle located, in relation to the Superficial Abductors and Extender Muscles of the Gluteal Region?

A
  1. Deep to the Gluteus Maximus Muscle
  2. Deep to the Gluteus Medius Muscle
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21
Q

Where does the Gluteus Minimus Muscle originate from?

A

Ilium

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22
Q

Where does the converged Tendon of the Gluteus Minimus Muscle attach distally?

A

Anterior Side of the Greater Trochanter of the Femur

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23
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Minimus Muscle?

A
  1. Abduction of the Hip Joint
  2. Medial Rotation of the Hip Joint
  3. Secures the Pelvis
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24
Q

What happens when the Gluteus Minimus Muscle “Secures the Pelvis”?

A

It prevents Pelvic Drop of the other Limb during locomotion

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25
What is the innervation of the Gluteus Minimus Muscle?
Superior Gluteal Nerve
26
How is the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle described?
A Small Superficial Muscle
27
Where is the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle located?
Anterior Edge of the Iliac Crest
28
Where does the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle originate from?
Anterior Iliac Crest
29
Where does the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle attach proximally?
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
30
1. Where does the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle travel? 2. What is the significance of this?
1. It inserts into the Iliotibial Tract 2. This is attached to the Lateral Condyle of the Tibia
31
What is the function of the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle?
It tightens the Fascia Lata and so causes: 1. Abduction of the Hip Joint 2. Medial Rotation of the Hip Joint 3. Assists the Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus Muscles in their functions 4. It plays a supportive role in the Gait Cycle
32
What is the innervation of the Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle?
The Superior Gluteal Nerve
33
How large are the Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles, in relation to the Superficial Abductor and Extender Muscles of the Gluteal Region?
They are small
34
Where are the Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles located?
Deep to (underneath) the Gluteus Minimus Muscle
35
What is the general function of the Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles?
1. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint 2. Stabilize the Hip Joint
36
How do the Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles stabilize the Hip Joint?
They pull the Head of the Femur into the Acetabulum of the Pelvis
37
What are the Deep Lateral Rotator Muscles?
1. Piriformis Muscle 2. Obturator Internus Muscle 3. Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles 4. Quadratus Femoris Muscle
38
What is the Superior-Most Deep Lateral Rotator Muscle?
The Piriformis Muscle
39
Where does the Piriformis Muscle originate from?
Anterior Surface of the Sacrum
40
Where does the Piriformis Muscle travel?
Inferolaterally through the Greater Sciatic Foramen
41
Where does the Piriformis Muscle attach distally?
The Greater Trochanter of the Femur
42
What is the function of the Piriformis Muscle?
1. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint 2. Abduction of the Hip Joint
43
What is the innervation of the Piriformis Muscle?
The nerve to the Piriformis
44
What does the Obturator Internus Muscle form?
The Lateral Walls of the Pelvic Cavity
45
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle originate from?
1. Pubis at the Obturator Foramen 2. Ischium at the Obturator Foramen
46
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle travel?
Through the Lesser Sciatic Foramen
47
Where does the Obturator Internus Muscle attach distally?
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
48
What is the function of the Obturator Internus Muscle?
1. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint 2. Abduction of the Hip Joint
49
What is the innervation of the Obturator Internus Muscle?
Nerve to the Obturator Internus
50
1. What is the Muscle sometimes considered part of the Obturator Internus Muscle? 2. What is the name of the combination of these Muscles?
1. The Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles 2. The Triceps Coxae
51
How are the Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles described?
2 Narrow Triangular Muscles
52
What separates the Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles?
The Obturator Internus Muscle
53
Where does the Superior Gemellus Muscle originate from?
The Ischial Spine
54
Where does the Inferior Gemellus Muscle originate from?
The Ischial Tuberosity
55
Where do the Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles attach distally?
Greater Trochanter of the Femur
56
What is the function of the Superior and Inferior Gemelli Muscles?
1. Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint 2. Abduction of the Hip Joint
57
What is the innervation of the Superior Gemellus Muscle?
Nerve to the Obturator Internus Muscle
58
What is the innervation of the Inferior Gemellus Muscle?
Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris Muscle
59
What is the Inferior-Most Deep Lateral Rotator Muscle?
The Quadratus Femoris Muscle
60
How is the Quadratus Femoris Muscle described?
A Flat, Square-Shaped Muscle
61
Where does the Quadratus Femoris Muscle originate from?
Lateral side of the Ischial Tuberosity
62
Where does the Quadratus Femoris Muscle attach distally?
Quadrate Tuberosity of the Intertrochanteric Crest of the Femur
63
What is the function of the Quadratus Femoris Muscle?
Lateral Rotation of the Hip Joint
64
What is the innervation of the Quadratus Femoris Muscle?
Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris

a10. MSK (Anatomy: Lower Limb) (21 decks)

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