unit 4 - contemporary food issues Flashcards

1
Q

what is Subsistence Farming?

A

growing food to feed oneself; rather than to sell for profit

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2
Q

Origins of how we got our food

A

around 12 000 years ago people moved away from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle towards domesticating animals and crops for cultivation and food sources allowing people to stay in one place

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3
Q

the revolution that shaped our farming (industrial, agricultural, etc)

A

agricultural - farm technology improved invention such as the plough

industrial - introduced steam power which allowed for the development of many new tools and technologies for agricultural

commercial - improved methods of transportation such as steamboats

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4
Q

important technology advances in farming

A
  • machinery was invented for planting, ploughing, and harvesting
  • allows the farm to grow with this mechanism contributing to the control of agriculture by large multimillion dollar corporations
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5
Q

explain the columbian exchange

A

mixing of people, deadly diseases that devastated the Native American population, crops, animals, goods, and trade flows

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6
Q

what is commercial agriculture

A

the process of growing food for profit and for sale

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7
Q

what is the food system

A

series of independent links involved in producing and consuming food; including the people and resources involved in bringing food to us

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8
Q

global food system vs. domestic food system

A

global - food system consists of foods that are not made or produced in canada. those foods may be consumed here but are imported from other counties

domestic - food system consists of foods that are produced in Canada. Those foods may be consumed here are exported to other counties

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9
Q

what are some important crops that canada grows

A

wheat, canola, barely, corn and soybeans

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10
Q

what impacts growing conditions

A

physical features, climates, agricultural conditions

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11
Q

what are the different types of climates give an example for each

A

tropical climate - wet (rainforest) monsoon and wet and dry climate types

dry climate - high daytime temperatures and cool nights; includes dry and semi dry climate types

mild climate - included mediterranean, humid subtropical and marine climate types

continental climate - included warm summers, cool winters and subarctic or boreal climate types

polar climate - tundra and ice cap

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12
Q

what is a microclimate? what is a specific example of a micro climate?

A

microclimate has different climate zones and wide variety of geological formations, climates and ecological systems

  • the peace valley
  • osoyoos area
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13
Q

GMO definition

A

Genetically Modified Organism has had genes (DNA) alfred to act in a way that does not happen naturally and/or contains genes from another organism

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14
Q

what does GE stand for

A

Genetically Engineered - foods for which DNA has been altered by human manipulation.

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15
Q

what is a hybrid food? give an example

A

hybrid foods are created when two different foods are crossed with each other

two variety of a fruit or vegetable, or two different types of a fruit or vegetable are crossed over

honeycrisp apples = macoun apples + honey gold
kalettes = kale + brussels sprouts
grapple = grape + apple

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16
Q

benifits/cost of GMOs

A
  • grow well even when sprayed with pesticides
    have less disease caused by insects or virus
  • increased food supply

risks
- introducing allergens and toxins to foods
- the nutrient context of crops is changing

17
Q

what is agri food

A

food that is produced agriculturally as opposed to food that is hunted, fished or gathered from the wild

18
Q

what is canada’s largest sector of agriculture

A

animal production is the largest Canadian agricultural sector and includes: red meat, poultry, eggs and dairy

19
Q

what sort of food crop production does canada specialize in

A

wheat, canola, barley, corn and soybeans

20
Q

what does canada export a lot of

A

wheat

21
Q

Canola oil also stands for

A

canadian oil

22
Q

what are pulses? what popular food dish that you have consumed that may use pulses?

A

they are dried legumes such as peas, beans, chickpeas, lentils etc.

23
Q

what is the definition of horticulture

A

is the bunch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology and business is plant cultivation

24
Q

what provinces produce maple syrup? who taught early settlers how to make maple syrup?

A

ontario, quebec, new brunswick and nova scotia

indigenous people taught early settlers how to harvest, boil and prepare maple syrup associated products

25
Q

benefits of commercial greenhouses

A
  • can yield up to 10x the amount of food
  • can grow all food in all weather/conditions
26
Q

why do we use commercial greenhouse in canada

A

provides a consistent supply of produce all year around, including during the cold canadian winters

27
Q

what are some common foods that are produced in a greenhouse

A

tomatoes, sweet bell peppers, English cucumbers or butter lettuce

28
Q

what is aqua culture

A

refers to the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants

29
Q

what are some issues with aquaculture

A
  • provides no barrier between the farmer fish and their surrounding environment —> when the fish eats, feces and chemical are released to the environment daily
  • can damage the local gene pool if farmed fish escape
30
Q

explain what food security is? what about food insecurity?

A

security - difficulty with access to food because of inadequate income

insecurity- the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods

31
Q

what does food insecurity look like in canada?

A
  • every year from 2007 to 2015, around 5% of canadian children and 8% of canadians adults lived in food insecure households
  • nunavut had the higher rate of food insecurity, over the four times the canadian average in 2011-2012 (8.3%)
  • lone-parent families with children under 18 reported the highest rate of household food insecurity at 22.6% in (2011-2012)
32
Q

what is povertyism? does it exist in canada? how so?

A

is the discrimination against people on the basis that they live in poverty

33
Q

how does climate impact food security? what role can climate have on food security?

A

impacts on freshwater, soil degradation, fisheries —> these impacts can affect on the nutritional food quality

it can lead to food insecurity through the activities of the food system, including food production, transportation, and storage

34
Q

what are the health risks associated with malnutrition, or food insecurity

A
  • infectious disease
  • poor oral health
  • injury
  • chronic conditions
35
Q

what sorts of foods do food banks have?

A
  • boxes of pasta
  • granola bars
  • cans of soup
  • cereal
  • canned food
36
Q

what can we do in canada to counter food insecurity

A
  • donate food and supplies
  • volunteer at a food drive
  • volunteer at your local food bank