unit 4 - contemporary food issues

Question 1

what is Subsistence Farming?

Answer 1

growing food to feed oneself; rather than to sell for profit

Question 2

Origins of how we got our food

Answer 2

around 12 000 years ago people moved away from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle towards domesticating animals and crops for cultivation and food sources allowing people to stay in one place

Question 3

the revolution that shaped our farming (industrial, agricultural, etc)

Answer 3

agricultural - farm technology improved invention such as the plough

industrial - introduced steam power which allowed for the development of many new tools and technologies for agricultural

commercial - improved methods of transportation such as steamboats

Question 4

important technology advances in farming

Answer 4

• machinery was invented for planting, ploughing, and harvesting
• allows the farm to grow with this mechanism contributing to the control of agriculture by large multimillion dollar corporations

Question 5

explain the columbian exchange

Answer 5

mixing of people, deadly diseases that devastated the Native American population, crops, animals, goods, and trade flows

Question 6

what is commercial agriculture

Answer 6

the process of growing food for profit and for sale

Question 7

what is the food system

Answer 7

series of independent links involved in producing and consuming food; including the people and resources involved in bringing food to us

Question 8

global food system vs. domestic food system

Answer 8

global - food system consists of foods that are not made or produced in canada. those foods may be consumed here but are imported from other counties

domestic - food system consists of foods that are produced in Canada. Those foods may be consumed here are exported to other counties

Question 9

what are some important crops that canada grows

Answer 9

wheat, canola, barely, corn and soybeans

Question 10

what impacts growing conditions

Answer 10

physical features, climates, agricultural conditions

Question 11

what are the different types of climates give an example for each

Answer 11

tropical climate - wet (rainforest) monsoon and wet and dry climate types

dry climate - high daytime temperatures and cool nights; includes dry and semi dry climate types

mild climate - included mediterranean, humid subtropical and marine climate types

continental climate - included warm summers, cool winters and subarctic or boreal climate types

polar climate - tundra and ice cap

Question 12

what is a microclimate? what is a specific example of a micro climate?

Answer 12

microclimate has different climate zones and wide variety of geological formations, climates and ecological systems

• the peace valley
• osoyoos area

Question 13

GMO definition

Answer 13

Genetically Modified Organism has had genes (DNA) alfred to act in a way that does not happen naturally and/or contains genes from another organism

Question 14

what does GE stand for

Answer 14

Genetically Engineered - foods for which DNA has been altered by human manipulation.

Question 15

what is a hybrid food? give an example

Answer 15

hybrid foods are created when two different foods are crossed with each other

two variety of a fruit or vegetable, or two different types of a fruit or vegetable are crossed over

honeycrisp apples = macoun apples + honey gold
kalettes = kale + brussels sprouts
grapple = grape + apple

Question 16

benifits/cost of GMOs

Answer 16

• grow well even when sprayed with pesticides
  have less disease caused by insects or virus
• increased food supply

risks
- introducing allergens and toxins to foods
- the nutrient context of crops is changing

Question 17

what is agri food

Answer 17

food that is produced agriculturally as opposed to food that is hunted, fished or gathered from the wild

Question 18

what is canada’s largest sector of agriculture

Answer 18

animal production is the largest Canadian agricultural sector and includes: red meat, poultry, eggs and dairy

Question 19

what sort of food crop production does canada specialize in

Answer 19

wheat, canola, barley, corn and soybeans

Question 20

what does canada export a lot of

Answer 20

wheat

Question 21

Canola oil also stands for

Answer 21

canadian oil

Question 22

what are pulses? what popular food dish that you have consumed that may use pulses?

Answer 22

they are dried legumes such as peas, beans, chickpeas, lentils etc.

Question 23

what is the definition of horticulture

Answer 23

is the bunch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology and business is plant cultivation

Question 24

what provinces produce maple syrup? who taught early settlers how to make maple syrup?

Answer 24

ontario, quebec, new brunswick and nova scotia

indigenous people taught early settlers how to harvest, boil and prepare maple syrup associated products

Question 25

benefits of commercial greenhouses

Answer 25

• can yield up to 10x the amount of food
• can grow all food in all weather/conditions

Question 26

why do we use commercial greenhouse in canada

Answer 26

provides a consistent supply of produce all year around, including during the cold canadian winters

Question 27

what are some common foods that are produced in a greenhouse

Answer 27

tomatoes, sweet bell peppers, English cucumbers or butter lettuce

Question 28

what is aqua culture

Answer 28

refers to the farming of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants

Question 29

what are some issues with aquaculture

Answer 29

• provides no barrier between the farmer fish and their surrounding environment —> when the fish eats, feces and chemical are released to the environment daily
• can damage the local gene pool if farmed fish escape

Question 30

explain what food security is? what about food insecurity?

Answer 30

security - difficulty with access to food because of inadequate income

insecurity- the limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods

Question 31

what does food insecurity look like in canada?

Answer 31

• every year from 2007 to 2015, around 5% of canadian children and 8% of canadians adults lived in food insecure households
• nunavut had the higher rate of food insecurity, over the four times the canadian average in 2011-2012 (8.3%)
• lone-parent families with children under 18 reported the highest rate of household food insecurity at 22.6% in (2011-2012)

Question 32

what is povertyism? does it exist in canada? how so?

Answer 32

is the discrimination against people on the basis that they live in poverty

Question 33

how does climate impact food security? what role can climate have on food security?

Answer 33

impacts on freshwater, soil degradation, fisheries —> these impacts can affect on the nutritional food quality

it can lead to food insecurity through the activities of the food system, including food production, transportation, and storage

Question 34

what are the health risks associated with malnutrition, or food insecurity

Answer 34

• infectious disease
• poor oral health
• injury
• chronic conditions

Question 35

what sorts of foods do food banks have?

Answer 35

• boxes of pasta
• granola bars
• cans of soup
• cereal
• canned food

Question 36

what can we do in canada to counter food insecurity

Answer 36

• donate food and supplies
• volunteer at a food drive
• volunteer at your local food bank