nutrition in humans

Question 1

what should a good balance diet include? (7 points)

Answer 1

-Carbohydrates
-Protein
-Lipids
-Vitamins
-Minerals
-Water
-Dietry fibre

Question 2

what is a balanced diet

Answer 2

nutrients consumed in appropriate proportions

Question 3

Functions in the body: Carbohydrate
Lack of nutrient:
Where is it found?

Answer 3

-Energy released (respiration) from sugars, energy stored as glycogen
-Fatigue, weakness
-Rice, pasta, yams

Question 4

Functions in the body: Protein
Lack of nutrient:
Where is it found?

Answer 4

-Important for growth and repair
-Forms much of cell cytoplasm
-Kwashiorkor
-Meat, fish, eggs, some dairy products

Question 5

Functions in the body: Lipid
Where is it found?

Answer 5

-Stores energy as droplets in cells; insulation; some hormones
-Oily foods, groundnuts

Question 6

Functions in the body: Vitamin A
Lack of nutrient:
Where is it found?

Answer 6

Forms a pigment important for vision
-night blindness
-meat, eggs

Question 7

Functions in the body: Vitamin C
Lack of nutrient:
Where is it found?

Answer 7

-Healthy skin, helps wounds to heal
-Scurvy
-Citrus and other fruits, some green vegetables

Question 8

Functions in the body: Vitamin D
Lack of nutrient:
Where is it found?

Answer 8

-Strengthens bones and teeth
-Rickets, brittle bones
-Dairy products

Question 9

Functions in the body: Mineral ions
Where is it found?

Answer 9

-Calcium: bones teeth
-Iron: Haemoglobin
Calcium is found in: cheese, milk (dairy products)
Iron is found in: red meat, some green vegetables

Question 10

Functions in the body: Water
Lack of nutrient:
Found in:

Answer 10

-80% of cytoplasm is made of water, bodily fluids
-Dehydration
Drinks, fruits

Question 11

Functions in the body: Dietry fibre
Lack of nutrient:
Found in:

Answer 11

-Helps with peristalsis
-constipation
-Vegetables, whole grains

Question 12

Dietary requirements:
(age)

Answer 12

-the amount of energy that young people need increases towards adulthood as this energy is needed for growth
-Energy needs for adults decrease as they age

Question 13

Dietary requirements:
(activity)

Answer 13

The more active the more energy is required as muscles are contracting more and respiring faster

Question 14

Dietary requirements:
(pregnancy):

Answer 14

During pregnancy, energy requirements increase as energy is needed to support the growth of the developing foetus