Plant And Animal Breeding Flashcards
What does plant and animal breeding do?
Plant and animal breeding improve characteristics to help support sustainable food production.
What do breeders develop?
• crops and animals with higher food yields.
• higher nutritional values.
• pest and disease resistance.
• ability to thrive in particular environmental conditions.
Where are plant field trials carried out?
Plant field trials are carried out in a range of environments to compare performance of different cultivars or treatments and to evaluate GM crops.
What account has to be taken when designing field trials?
Account has to be taken of the selection of treatments, number of replicates and the randomisation of treatments.
What is selection of treatments to ensure
•To ensure valid comparisons
•The number of replicates to take account of the variability within the sample.
What is the randomisation of treatments used to eliminate
Used to eliminate bias when measuring treatment effects.
What is inbreeding?
In inbreeding, selected related plants or animals are bred for several generations until the population breeds true to the desired type due to the elimination of heterozygotes.
Analysis of patterns…
Of inheritance in inbreeding using mono hybrid crosses.
What can be a result of inbreeding?
A result of inbreeding can be an increase in the frequency of individuals who are homozygous for recessive deleterious alleles.
What happens with individuals who are homozygous for recessive deleterious alleles?
These individuals will do less well at surviving to reproduce. This results in inbreeding depression.
