British History MS

Question 1

Question: The carrack Mary Rose sank during the reign of this ruler, who ordered Thomas Cromwell to dissolve the monasteries. Thomas Cranmer was Archbishop of Canterbury under this ruler, who became the supreme head of the Protestant Church of England. After his marriage to a Spanish princess ended, he married Anne Boleyn, but had Anne beheaded in 1536. For 10 points, name this Tudor king with an eventual total of six wives.

Answer 1

Henry VIII [prompt on Henry or Henry Tudor]

Question 2

Question: This ruler was forced to wait eight months to begin a campaign for the throne he contested with theKing of Norway, Harald Hardrada (hard-RAH-dah), whose own campaign ended unsuccessfully atStamford Bridge. This man feigned his death in order to trick Harold Godwinson into defeat at the Battleof Hastings. For 10 points, name this Norman ruler whose achievements were chronicled on the BayeuxTapestry.

Answer 2

William I of England [or William the Conqueror; or William the Bastard; or William II of Normandy; or Guillaume le Conquérant; prompt on William of Normandy]

Question 3

Question: One copy of this document was sent to the Cinque [sink] ports. It notably banned the use of fish-weir traps, and Innocent III tried to make it void after one of its signers repented to him. This agreement created a council of 25 barons, who fought a war after the loser of the Battle of Bouvines failed to follow it. (*) For 10 points, name this document which established habeas corpus, a charter signed at Runnymede by John of England.

Answer 3

Magna Carta Libertatum [or Great Charter of Liberties; prompt on Runnymede Charter]

Question 4

Question: This man was killed by a crossbow bolt while besieging the castle Charlus-Chabrol. After thedeparture of Philip Augustus of France, this man led the Christian armies in the Third Crusade, duringwhich he achieved peace with Saladin. He was succeeded by his brother John. For 10 points, name this12th-century King of England known by an epithet signifying his bravery.

Answer 4

Richard I of England [or Richard the Lionhearted; or Richard Coeur de Lion; prompt on Richard]

Question 5

Question: He sent his armies to quash an uprising that was sparked by the Papist Act of 1778; these uprisingswere known as the Gordon Riots. He succeeded his grandfather as king during the Seven Years’ War, andalthough he won that war, the resulting debt led Parliament to pass the Stamp Act of 1765. For 10 points,name this “mad” king of Great Britain who lost the American colonies in the Revolutionary War.

Answer 5

George III [prompt on George]

Question 6

Question: Refusal by one party to obey this law led to an uprising supported by Louis VIII and led by Robert Fitzwalter; that ruler had previously lost control of Brittany when Philip Augustus was victorious at the Battle of Bouvines. This (*) document’s Clause 61 gave a certain group of barons the power to override unlawful acts of the king. For 10 points, name this charter signed at Runnymede by King John in 1215.

Answer 6

Magna Carta

Question 7

Question: Thomas Cromwell helped this man dissolve his country’s monasteries, beginning two years after his 1534 Act of Supremacy made him the head of the Church of (*) England. This man broke with Rome partially because Pope Clement VII refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. For ten points, name this English king from the House of Tudor who married six women.

Answer 7

Henry VIII (prompt on “Henry”)

Question 8

Question: One king of this name had his ministers Thomas Cromwell and Thomas More executed. The seventh king of this name founded the Tudor dynasty after he won the Battle of Bosworth Field. His son of this name left the Catholic Church so that he could divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn. For 10 points, give this name of several English kings, the eighth of whom had six wives.

Answer 8

Henry [accept Henry VIIor Henry VIII]

Question 9

Question: In the aftermath of this event, Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon was predicted to lead the SNP after the resignation of First Minister Alex Salmond. Talking points in the lead up to this event included student tuition concerns, revenue from oil in the (*) North Sea, and whether to use the euro, the pound, or a new currency. For 10 points, name this September 18, 2014 event in which 55% of voters in a British country voted against independence.

Answer 9

2014 referendum on Scottish independence (accept anything relating to a vote on whether Scotland should become independent from the United Kingdom (or (Great) Britain); prompt on partial answers)

Question 10

Question: In this city, a group of fascists led by Oswald Mosley clashed with police in the Battle of Cable Street. A photograph taken atop this city’s Daily Mail building was titled “St. Paul’s Survives.” A speaker in this city claimed “we shall defend our (*) Island, whatever the cost may be.” Winston Churchill declared “we shall fight on the beaches” in, for ten points, what city’s House of Commons, in the Parliament of the United Kingdom?

Answer 10

London, England

Question 11

Question: During this battle, Senlac Hill was the site of a defensive position set up by housecarls. The losing side’s forces had been weakened in a previous battle against Harold Hardrada at Stamford Bridge. The winning side’s commander claimed to be the rightful successor to Edward the Confessor. King (*) Harold Godwinson was killed during this battle. For 10 points, name this 1066 battle in which William of Normandy conquered England.

Answer 11

Battle of Hastings

Question 12

In 312 CE, Constantine I soundly defeated Maxentius at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, which spans this major river of Rome. Maxentius drowned in this river’s waters during the battle.

Answer 12

Tiber River

Question 13

2: Harold Godwinson defeated Harald Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge just a month before dying to William the Conqueror’s forces at this 1066 battle.

Answer 13

Battle of Hastings

Question 14

3: In 1297, this kingdom defended its freedom at Stirling Bridge by routing a surrounded English army. This kingdom’s forces at Stirling Bridge were led by Andrew Moray and William Wallace.

Answer 14

Kingdom of Scotland

Question 15

1: Name this British political party, which defeated the Labour Party of Clement Attlee in 1951 elections.

Answer 15

Conservative Party

Question 16

2: This man became Prime Minister for a third time in 1951, having led the United Kingdom during much of World War II.

Answer 16

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill

Question 17

3: During his third Prime Ministership, Churchill sent British troops to capture Dedan Kimathi and put down the Mau Mau Rebellion in this African country.

Answer 17

Kenya

Question 18

1: Name these wars between the House of Lancaster and House of York. They ended with the rise of the House of Tudor.

Answer 18

War(s) of the Roses

Question 19

2: At the First Battle of St. Albans, the Yorkists captured the Lancastrian king, the sixth of this regnal name. The House of Tudor provided the seventh and eighth kings of this name.

Answer 19

Henry

Question 20

3: Richard III died at this 1485 battle when the relatively-neutral Stanley family, seeing Richard in single combat, rushed in to assist Henry Tudor, who was then crowned King Henry VII. This decisive battle essentially ended the War of the Roses.

Answer 20

Battle of Bosworth Field

Question 21

1: Name this king of Wessex who defended his country from invading forces at the Battle of Ashdown. He is the only English king to be known as “the Great.”

Answer 21

Alfred the Great

Question 22

2: Alfred defeated a group of these marauding, seafaring Scandinavians at Ashdown.

Answer 22

Vikings (accept Danes)

Question 23

3: The aforementioned battles were chronicled by Bishop Asser’s biography of Alfred the Great; an edited edition of that biography inserted an uncited claim that Alfred founded this oldest English university.

Answer 23

University of Oxford