Gender Inequalities

Question 1

Give examples of gender inequality in the labour market that still remain.

Answer 1

• 74% of part-time employees are women
• Women earn 43% less than men; full-time gender pay gap is 8.9%
• 69% of low paid earners are women

Question 2

What is unpaid care work?

Answer 2

Unpaid services provided within a household for its members, including care of persons, housework and voluntary community work.

Question 3

List Jahoda’s five latent functions of employment.

Answer 3

• Time structure.
• Regular opportunity for shared experiences and contacts with people outside nuclear family.
• Links with collective goals and purposes outside their own.
• Defines status and identity.
• Enforces activity.

Question 4

Why is the life course perspective of work important?

Answer 4

• characterises states and transitions across an entire life course and variation in these between different social groups – here genders and cohorts
• To investigate changing early life predictors of subsequent work and family transitions in adulthood.
• examine the impact of work-family life courses on subsequent health & wellbeing in mid & later life.
• Establishing temporality of associations