1.3 Earthquake Planning Flashcards
3 reasons why prepearing and plaing for an eartquake be important for an eathquake prone country?
Reduce the risk of death and injury.
Reduce damage to property and land
To give warning to citizens in order to give them time to evacuate and/or prepare
Hazard Risk Assessment
A hazard is an event which could threaten human life and risk assessment is about the probability of that particular event happening and the scale of its possible damage.
what 5 things does a hazard risk assessment show
distribution
frequency
scale
perdictability
location
what do hazard maps show
Hazard maps are developed to show areas that are affected or vulnerable to a particular hazard. They are typically made for natural hazards such as earthquake ground motion, flooding, landslides, liquefaction, and tsunami.
who would use hazard maps
structural engineers and emergency managers to identify geographic areas that can expect an event of a specified probability
How can hazard maps mitigate the damage caused by earthquakes?
Hazard maps provide important information to help people understand the risks of natural hazards and to help mitigate disasters.
what is GIS
A geographic information system is a type of database containing geographic data, co
4 diferent features of an earthquake proof building
Shear Walls
Cross-Bracing
Trusses
Moment-Resisting Frames
how do shear walls work
Shear walls provide large strength and stiffness to buildings in the direction of their orientation, which significantly reduces lateral sway of the building and thereby reduces damage to structure and its contents. Since shear walls carry large horizontal earthquake forces, the overturning effects on them are large.
how does cross bracing work
Cross-bracing uses two diagonal members crossing each other. These only need to be resistant to tension, one brace at a time acting to resist sideways forces, depending on the direction of loading. As a result, steel cables can also be used for cross-bracing.
3 types of warning systems
seismometers
sensors
alarms systems
Suggest how earthquake damage can be mitigated (4)
One method you can use to mitigate the damage is to use warning systems. This means if there is an underwater earthquakes, tsunami warning will be triggered to allow people time to get away from the coastal areas.
What are geologic hazards
Geologic hazards are naturally-occurring events capable of causing loss or damage
what are risks
Risk is the potential that the hazard will lead to a negative consequence such as loss of life or economic loss i.e. the hazard has a HIGH risk or a LOW risk of causing death, damage or destruction.
