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criminology quiz #1 review > quiz #1 review > Flashcards

quiz #1 review Flashcards

1
Q

what did beccaria specialize in

A

crime and punishment

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2
Q

what did england start

A

first police agency

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3
Q

what did wicker sham commission specialize in

A

treatment and rehabilitation

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4
Q

american bar foundation

A

many procedures hidden from public
known as “criminal justice”

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5
Q

safe streets act and crime control act

A

federal involvement

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6
Q

3 steps of society’s formal system

A
  1. control
  2. manage
  3. direct
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7
Q

what is the flow of society’s formal system

A
  1. police
  2. courts
  3. corrections
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8
Q

what entity are criminal justice agencies

A

political

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9
Q

what are the three branches of government

A
  • legislative
  • judicial
  • executive
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10
Q

what does the legislative branch do

A

defines laws
determines what conduct is prohibited
establish criminal penalties

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11
Q

what does the judicial branch do

A

interpret existing laws

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12
Q

what does the executive branch do

A

daily operations of justice agencies

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13
Q

what is the cost of the justice system

A

$200 billion a year

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14
Q

how many people are employed in the justice system

A

2.4 million

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15
Q

how many people are arrested a year

A

14 million

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16
Q

how many juveniles are handled a year

A

1.5 million

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17
Q

how many people are under some form of correctional supervision

A

7 million

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18
Q

what does the A process start with

A

arrest

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19
Q

what does the A process end with

A

social re-entry

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20
Q

what is the initial contact a person has with the justice system

A

police action

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21
Q

what is an investigation

A

evidence gathered to identify a suspect

22
Q

legal arrest

A

officer has probable cause
officer deprives an individual of their freedom
suspect has last liberty to voluntarily leave

23
Q

when can an arrest be made

A

officer witnesses a crime
officer has probable cause
arrest warrant issued

24
Q

what is custody

A

suspect may be searched or interrogated

25
Q

charging with serious cases

A

prosecutors decide whether to bring the case before a grand jury or preliminary hearing

26
Q

charging with minor crimes

A

complaint being filed with the court

27
Q

preliminary hearing/grand jury

A

US constitutional mandates that probable cause be demonstrated prior to trial

28
Q

what is an arraignment

A

formal charges are read
defendant informed of constitutional rights
trial date set
bail issues addressed

29
Q

options for bail/detention

A

defendant granted opportunity for bail
released on their own recognizance
held in custody until trial

30
Q

what is a trial/adjudication

A

trial held before judge or jury

31
Q

what is sentencing/disposition

A

fine, probation, incarceration, combination

32
Q

what is appeal/post conviction

A

judge can set aside jurys verdict

33
Q

what is correctional treatment

A

probation, treatment, jail, prisons

34
Q

what is release

A

most inmates will not serve their full term

35
Q

what is post release

A

offenders may serve time in community correctional centers

36
Q

what is an assembly line

A

each part in the process requires quick disposal
process is slow

37
Q

what is the informal pattern

A

many cases settled informally
tremendous allowance for discretion

38
Q

what is level one of the wedding cake

A

celebrated cases

39
Q

what is level two of the wedding cake

A

serious felonies

40
Q

what is level three of the wedding cake

A

less serious felonies

41
Q

what is level four of the wedding cake

A

misdemeanors

42
Q

what is crime control

A

emphasize control of dangerous offenders and protection of society through punishment as a deterrent to crime

43
Q

what is rehabilitation

A

crime is viewed as an expression of frustration from social inequality and therefore crime can be reduced by providing access to social inequality

44
Q

what is the due process

A

main emphasis of the justice system should be the protection of individual rights and providing fair and equitable treatment to those accused with committing a crime

45
Q

what is nonintervention

A

justice agencies should limit their involvement and use the least intrusive treatment method possible

46
Q

what is justice

A

all individuals should receive the same treatment under the law

47
Q

what is the restorative justice

A

purpose of justice is to create a peaceful society through reconciliation

48
Q

what are law enforcements agencies responsible for

A

investigate crimes and apprehend suspects

49
Q

what are court agencies responsible for

A

charges brought, indictments submitted, trials conducted, and sentences formulated

50
Q

what are correctional agencies responsible for

A

charged with monitoring, treating, and rehabilitating convicted offenders

criminology quiz #1 review (3 decks)

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