5.1-2 molecules and bonds

Question 1

octet rule

Answer 1

in forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas

Question 2

cations

Answer 2

positively charged, formed when atoms lose electrons

Question 3

how do transition metals become ions?

Answer 3

they lose their s electrons before their d electrons

Question 4

metals that form multiple ions

Answer 4

Cu1+ and Cu2+
Fe2+ and Fe3+
Pb2+ and Pb4+
Sn2+ and Sn4+

Question 5

anions

Answer 5

negatively charged ions formed when nonmetals gain valence electrons
typically end in -ide

Question 6

monatomic ion

Answer 6

ion formed from a single atom

Question 7

polyatomic ion

Answer 7

ion formed from more than one type of atom
-most are negatively charged
-IONS, NOT MOLECULES

Question 8

halide ions

Answer 8

ions produced when halogens gain electrons

Question 9

molecular compounds

Answer 9

sharing of electrons between nonmetals only
-can be made up of 2 or more of the same atoms

Question 10

ionic compounds

Answer 10

formed by transfer of electrons usually from a metal to a nonmetal
-combination of a cation and an anion
-electrically neutral

Question 11

properties of ionic compounds

Answer 11

crystalline solids at room temp
high metling points
hard
conducts electricity when metled or dissolved

Question 12

ionic bonds

Answer 12

electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds

Question 13

electrostatic force

Answer 13

attraction between oppositely-charged particles

Question 14

chemical formula

Answer 14

shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative particle/unit of a substance

Question 15

atom

Answer 15

representative particle of an element

Question 16

formula unit

Answer 16

lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound

Question 17

molecule

Answer 17

representative particle for a molecular compound

Question 18

what do negatively charged polyatomic ions bond with? what does it form

Answer 18

cations (usually metals)
ternary ionic compounds

Question 19

ternary ionic compounds properties

Answer 19

covalent bonds: hold atoms in polyatomic ions together
ionic bonds: bond metal cation to the negative polyatomic ion

Question 20

ternary ionic compound formula

Answer 20

metal with 2+ nonmetals

Question 21

properties of valence electrons in metals

Answer 21

-sea of electrons
-mobile
-drifts freely from one part of a metal to another

Question 22

metallic bonds

Answer 22

consists of the attraction of the free-floating valence electrons for the positively charged metal ions

Question 23

properties of metallic bonds

Answer 23

ductile
malleable
conducts electricity

Question 24

nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 24

bond formed when electrons are shared equally between two atoms

Question 25

polar covalent bond

Answer 25

bond formed when electrons are not shared equally between two atoms

Question 26

ionic rep particle

Answer 26

formula unit

Question 27

ionic bond formation

Answer 27

transfer of electrons

Question 28

ionic elements

Answer 28

metal + nonmetal(s)

Question 29

ionic EN

Answer 29

greater than or equal to 1.7

Question 30

molecular/covalent rep particle

Answer 30

formula unit

Question 31

molecular/covalent bond formation

Answer 31

sharing of electrons

Question 32

molecular/covalent elements

Answer 32

2+ nonmetals

Question 33

polar covalent EN

Answer 33

0.4-1.6

Question 34

nonpolar covalent EN

Answer 34

less than or equal to 0.3

Question 35

metallic rep particle

Answer 35

atom

Question 36

metallic bond formation

Answer 36

delocalized electrons

Question 37

metallic elements

Answer 37

metals