FOP 5 Cats and Dogs notes + presentation

Question 1

The rate of stillbirth in cats

Answer 1

about 7%

Question 2

most common infectious cause of abortion in dogs

Answer 2

Streptococcus canis, an opportunistic pathogen
-Salmonella spp is often overlooked.

Question 3

preferred submission sample to lab for abortion investigation of dog and cat

Answer 3

Submission of maternal serum and whole fetuses and placentae is preferred. If this is not feasible, a complete set of tissues for histopathology, bacteriology, mycoplasmology and virology should be collected. Specific requirements can be obtained from each laboratory.

Question 4

carnivore placenta type and how nutrients are transferred

Answer 4

zonary
-center (labrynth) responsible for nutrient transfer and waste expulsion
-edge (hematoma) transfer of some immunoglobulins and some other nutrients - trophoblasts phagocytose blood to get this

Question 5

how long does the canine CL last? what happens if a puppy dies at 30 days?

Answer 5

CL will last the full 63 day gestation period
-if puppy dies at 30d will undergo autolysis

Question 6

how should we sample the carnivore placenta? where do many pathogens like to hang out?

Answer 6

-labrynth, marginal hematoma,..
-must cut across to get all areas
-many pathogens in the marginal hematoma, esp. bacteria

Question 7

what can you expect in terms of mortality and causes when investigating FOP in dogs?

Answer 7

-up to 20% mortality
=6.8% abortion
=7.4% stillbirth

Question 8

litter size of cats

Answer 8

4.6

Question 9

birth weight of cat

Answer 9

93.5g

Question 10

stillbirth and perinatal % for cats

Answer 10

stillbirth 7.2%
perninatal mortality 9.1% (to 8 weeks)

Question 11

main virus causing FOP in dogs?

Answer 11

canid alphaherpesvirus 1

Question 12

reported bacterial causes of fop in dogs

Answer 12

-brucella canis
-streptococcus spp.
-salmonella
-campylobacter
-mycoplasma/ureaplasma

Question 13

reported viral causes of FOP in dogs

Answer 13

-canid alphaherpesvirus 1
-canine morbillivirus (distemper)
-canine mastadenovirus (canine hepatitis virus)

Question 14

reported protozoal causes of FOP in dogs

Answer 14

-toxoplasma gondii
-neospora caninum

Question 15

reported endocrine causes of FOP in dogs

Answer 15

-progesterone deficiency
-hypothyroidism

Question 16

how is brucella canis transmitted? zoonotic

Answer 16

close contact all that is required for transmission from dog to owner

Question 17

when puppies are born, they come out quite often in their placentas. how do the young get out? what next?

Answer 17

placenta comes out with all puppies as a unit, mother eats placenta to break them out, licks puppies to stimulate them to pee and poo

Question 18

pregnanct cats are a subclinical carrier of what important pathogen that causes FOP in small ruminants?

Answer 18

coxiella burnetii

Question 19

how does canid herpesvirus 1 in dogs differ from herpesviruses in other species? what does it cause? how is it spread?

Answer 19

all other herpes viruses cause FOP, but it dogs it causes neonatal mortality
>neonates up to 4 wks
-spread from mother to puppy at the time of whelping

Question 20

what temp does canid herpesvirus 1 like to live in? Significance?

Answer 20

32C - which is nasal temp
>flares up at time of stress
>spreads from nose of mother to puppy
>as long as the puppy stays warm, should be ok, but at start of spring/autumn many people keep puppies outside, and puppies ‘swim around’ on floor eg. concrete, where temp drops, they hit 32C, and then break with helpes virus

Question 21

classic lesion of canid herpesvirus 1

Answer 21

multi-focal hemorrhage of the kidney, sometimes with central necrosis

Question 22

reported causes of FOP in cats

Answer 22

-felid alphaherpesvirus 1
-feline calicivirus
-feline immunodeficiency virus
-feline leukemia virus
-salmonella

-always consider coxiella burnetti, though it rarely causes FOP in cats. more liekly to cause infection in owners, veterinarians…