Pragmatics

Question 1

Pragmatics

Answer 1

language in use and context in which it is used; study of the relation between linguistic units and people who communicate, studies of the ability to match used language to context, how more is communicated than said, the study of the speaker and contextual meaning

Question 2

Invisible meaning

Answer 2

understanding of the underlying message even when it’s not explicitly said

Question 3

Context

Answer 3

discourse that surrounds a language and helps interpret it

Question 4

Linguistic context

Answer 4

a set of words in the same phrase/context

Question 5

Physical context

Answer 5

interpretation based of physical enviorment

Question 6

Deixis

Answer 6

“pointing via language”, the use of general words to refer to specific time, place or person, cannot be interpreted without reference to the physical context

Question 7

Person deixis

Answer 7

I, you, she: indicates the person/social status(?)

Question 8

Place deixis

Answer 8

indicates proximity; there, here, this

Question 9

Time deixis

Answer 9

used to describe location in time; now, then

Question 10

Reference

Answer 10

a speaker uses linguistic forms to help the addressee to identify something

Question 11

Referring expressions

Answer 11

linguistic forms like proper nouns, indefinite/definite nouns and pronouns

Question 12

Inference

Answer 12

allows the listener to correctly identify which entity the speaker is referring to

Question 13

Anaphora

Answer 13

referring back, a reference to something already mentioned

Question 14

Oataphora

Answer 14

referring forward

Question 15

Presumption

Answer 15

the knowledge the speaker assumes the listener has

Question 16

Speech acts

Answer 16

an utterance that serves a function in communication, is considered an action

Question 17

What are the 3 linguistic forms and functions of speech acts?

Answer 17

Imperative mood - commands
Indicative mood - statements
Interrogative mood - questions

Question 18

What is a direct speech act and when it occurs?

Answer 18

A direct speech act is when there is a direct relationship between the structure and the communicative function of the utterance. It occurs when a question is a question, a statement is a statement and a command is a command.

Question 19

What is an indirect speech act and when it occurs?

Answer 19

It is an utterance whose form does not reflect the intended illocutionary force. It occurs when fe. a statement is understood as a question, a question is understood as a command etc.

Question 20

Felicity conditions

Answer 20

specific conditions which are related to appropriate interpretations of speech acts, a speaker needs to meet certain conditions to be understood well fe. a command cannot be issued by a person of lower rank

Question 21

Face

Answer 21

one’s self image that can saved or threatened during a social interaction

Question 22

Politeness

Answer 22

intention to be polite and not hurt someone’s feelings affects language interpretation