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ob exam 1 > reproductive system > Flashcards

reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

how many oocytes do females have at birth?

A

150,000

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2
Q

every month oocytes undergo meiosis and becomes an _____

A

ovum

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3
Q

every month oocytes undergo _____ and becomes an ovum

A

meiosis

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4
Q

spermatogenesis begins at puberty and is ______ ______

A

never ending

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5
Q

spermatogenesis begins at _____

A

puberty

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6
Q

spermatogenesis is regulated by 3 hormones:

_______
______
________

A

FSH
LH
testosterone

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7
Q

when ____ is secreted, sperm production is stimulated

A

FSH

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8
Q

when ______ is secreted, testosterone production is stimulated

A

LH

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9
Q

_______ promotes the maturation of sperm

A

testosterone

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10
Q

puberty generally occurs earlier in _____

A

girls

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11
Q

puberty lasts from ____-__ years

A

1.5-5

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12
Q

vaginal walls covered with ______

A

rugae

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13
Q

pH of vagina:
____-___

A

4-5

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14
Q

vagina is acidic due to ________

A

lactobacilli

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15
Q

the purpose of the ____ is to provide a safe environment for fetal development

A

uterus

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16
Q

the ______ normally bends forwards, forming a sharp angle with the vagina

A

uterus

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17
Q

the ______ is very elastic and can stretch

A

cervix

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18
Q

a uterus that bends forwards is _______

A

anteverted

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19
Q

the ____ is the uppermost part of the uterus

A

fundus

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20
Q

3 layers of the uterus:
________
________
_______

A

perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium

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21
Q

the _____ of the uterus is where contraction occur during labor

A

myometrium

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22
Q

the ______ is the lining of the uterus and is where the placenta develops

A

endometrium

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23
Q

the _____ _____ hold the uterus in place

A

uterine ligaments

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24
Q

the ____ connects the uterus to the vagina

A

cervix

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25
Q

the ____ is elastic and secretes mucous

A

cervix

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26
Q

cervical mucous functions:

_______ the vaginal canal
_________ agent
_________ environment

A

-lubricates
-bacteriostatic
-alkaline

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27
Q

fertilization occurs in the _____ of fallopian tubes

A

ampulla

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28
Q

the ______ of the fallopian tubes is the part closest to the uterus

A

isthmus

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29
Q

the _____ is the site of tubal ligation

A

isthmus

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30
Q

the ___ secrete estrogen and progesterone

A

ovaries

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31
Q

the ovaries secrete ______ and _______

A

estrogen
progesterone

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32
Q

the ovaries release _____

A

ovum

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33
Q

_____ ______ facilitates movement of the ovum through the uterus

A

tubal peristalsis

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34
Q

a ____ ______ supports the uterus and provides points for birth passage

A

bony pelvis

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35
Q

a _____ pelvis supports the weight of pregnancy

A

false

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36
Q

a ______ pelvis is the most common type

A

gynecoid

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37
Q

an _____ pelvis and a ______ _____ pelvis are inadequate for labor

A

android
platypelloid flat

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38
Q

____ is used to induce labor because it mimics oxytocin

A

Pitocin

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39
Q

_____ plays a role in starting contractions of the uterus

A

oxytocin

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40
Q

_____ causes the endometrium to proliferate following menstruation

A

estrogen

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41
Q

____ assists in the maturation of the ovarian follicle each month

A

estrogen

42
Q

estrogen increases __________ contractility

A

myometrial

43
Q

estrogen causes the _____ to increase in size and weight

A

uterus

44
Q

______ is the hormone of pregnancy

A

progesterone

45
Q

____ is secreted by the corpus luteum

A

progesterone

46
Q

the _____ _____ is a follicle where the egg matures

A

corpus luteum

47
Q

_____ is found in the greatest amount during the secretory phase of ovulation

A

progesterone

48
Q

____ influences the cervix to secrete thick, viscous mucous

A

progesterone

49
Q

progesterone decreases uterine _______and _______ preparing the uterus for implantation

A

motility
contractibility

50
Q

_____ rise that accompanies ovulation is due to progesterone

A

temp

51
Q

______ are oxygenated fatty acids produced by cells of the endometrium

A

prostaglandins

52
Q

_____ production increases during follicular maturation

A

prostaglandins

53
Q

the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle occurs days __-_____

A

1-14

54
Q

the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle is days ____-____

A

15-28

55
Q

the ____ _____ follicle appears at about the _____ day under the control of FSH and LH

A

mature Graafian
14th

56
Q

the mature Graafian follicle appears at about the 14th day under the control of ____ and ____

A

FSH
LH

57
Q

body temp increases about ___-____ degrees 24-48 hours after ovulation

A

0.3-0.6

58
Q

ovum thought to be fertile for only ____-___ hours

A

12-24

59
Q

ovum reaches uterus ___-_____ hours after release

A

72-96

60
Q

_____ phase begins when ovum leaves follicle

A

luteal

61
Q

_____ phase begins when ovum leaves follicle

A

luteal

62
Q

the ______ _____ is the mature graafian follicle after its pushed out

A

corpus luteum

63
Q

during the luteal phase, the ___ _____ becomes yellowish and spherical and increases vascularity

A

corpus luteum

64
Q

during the luteal phase, the corpus luteum becomes ______ and spherical and increases _______

A

yellowish
vascularity

65
Q

_____ is needed to maintain the corpus luteum

A

hCG

66
Q

if the ovum is fertilized, the fertilized egg begins to secrete ______

A

hCG

67
Q

if fertilization doesn’t occur, about a week after ovulation the _____ ____ begins to degenerate

A

corpus luteum

68
Q

degeneration of the corpus luteum leads to decreases in ______ and ________

A

estrogen
progesterone

69
Q

degeneration of the corpus luteum leads to an increase in ___ and _____

A

LH
FSH

70
Q

day 1 of menstrual phase:
low levels of _____ stimulate ____ production in the pituitary

A

estrogen
FSH

71
Q

day 1 of menstrual phase:
low levels of progesterone cause ______ _____ to slough off

A

endometrial lining

72
Q

on the 1st day of the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle, the endometrial lining sloughs off, which causes the ______

A

period

73
Q

during the follicular phase, ____ causes follicles in the ovary to develop, secreting more _____

A

FSH
estrogen

74
Q

during the ____ phase, due to a drop in progesterone, the lining of the endometrium sloughs off

A

menstrual

75
Q

if the corpus luteum doesn’t secrete progesterone when pregnancy occurs, _____ ______ _______ occur

A

early spontaneous abortions

76
Q

early spontaneous abortions are a _____ ______ ______

A

luteal phase defect

77
Q

average daily blood loss during menses:
______mL

A

80

78
Q

average daily iron loss during menses:
___-___mg

A

0.5-1

79
Q

progesterone is found in the greastest amounts during the ______ phase of ovulation

A

secretory

80
Q

during the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle:

_____ levels are low
______ thinned

A

estrogen
endometrium

81
Q

the menstrual phase occurs when the ovum is _____ ______

A

NOT FERTILIZED

82
Q

menstrual phase of the uterine cycle is days ___-___

A

1-6

83
Q

the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle is days ______-______

A

7-14

84
Q

in the beginning of the proliferative phase, endometrial glands ______, become ______, and _____ in response to increasing estrogen levels

A

enlarge
twisted
longer

85
Q

in the beginning of the proliferative phase, endometrial glands enlarge, become twisted, and longer in response to increasing ______ levels

A

estrogen

86
Q

during the proliferative phase, estrogen levels reach peak just before ______

A

ovulation

87
Q

at the end of the proliferative phase, cervical mucosa is _____, ____, and ______

A

thin
watery
clear

88
Q

at the end of the proliferative phase, cervical mucosa is more ________, making it more favorable to sperm

A

alkaline

89
Q

secretory phase of uterine cycle is days ____-____

A

15-26

90
Q

during the secretory phase, ______ levels drop sharply

A

estrogen

91
Q

during the secretory phase, ______ dominates

A

progesterone

92
Q

during the secretory phase, progesterone causes marked swelling in the _______

A

endometrium

93
Q

during the secretory phase, ________ causes marked swelling in the endometrium

A

progesterone

94
Q

if implantation occurs in the secretory phase, the ____ continues to develop and become thicker

A

endometrium

95
Q

in the secretory phase, _____ _____ cells begin to fill with cellular debris

A

glandular epithelial

96
Q

ischemic phase of uterine cycle is days ___-____

A

27-28

97
Q

in the _______ phase, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, causing both estrogen and progesterone levels to fall

A

ischemic

98
Q

in the ischemic phase, the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, causing _____ and _____ levels to fall

A

estrogen
progesterone

99
Q

ischemic phase characterized by escape of blood into ______ cells of the uterus

A

stromal

100
Q

if fertilization doesn’t occur during the secretory phase, the ____ phase begins

A

ischemic

ob exam 1 (5 decks)

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