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Orthotic and Prosthetic Board Prep > Orthotics > Flashcards

Orthotics Flashcards

1
Q

Ox would be used for a 4 week post-burn to the entire volar aspect of the wrist and hand

A

WHO: Volar Ox

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2
Q

opponens bar should be located

A

proximal to the thumb MP joint

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3
Q

boutonnere defomity

A

PIP flexion and DIP hyperextension

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4
Q

Swan neck deformity

A

PIP hyperextension and DIP flexion

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5
Q

Pt is a 20 yo male with dx of T10 incomplete SCI which occurred in 2007. Ambulation exhibits moderate extensor spasticity with 10 deg knee hyperextension. Ankle control of choice is?

A

Solid AFO with 5 deg PF

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6
Q

Type of prehension provided by a wrist driven tenodesis Ox

A

Three jaw chuck

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7
Q

Extension at the MP joints is produced by

A

Extensor digitorum

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8
Q

MOst important motor acquisition of the C5 quad is

A

Shoulders and elbow flexion

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9
Q

Muscle grade of FAIR means the person is able to get through complete ROM

A

Against gravity

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10
Q

C6 would have all the muscles intact except:
Biceps
Deltoids
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Pronator Teres

A

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

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11
Q

Colles Fx

A

Distal radius Fx

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12
Q

Ulnar nerve lesion at the wrist will clinically be presented with

A

Hyperextension of 4th and 5th MP joints and positive Froment’s sign

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13
Q

Clinical presentation of Claw hand will occur with which injury

A

Combined median and ulnar nerve injury and mid-forearm and below ulnar nerve injury

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14
Q

Symptoms of Erb’s palsy

A

Internal rotation and adduction of humerus

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15
Q

Complete SCI at C6, Pt would require what type of WHO

A

Hyperextension of MP joints and flexion of the IP joints of the 2-5th fingers

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16
Q

The soft tissue Cx of the hand which is likely to develop following paralysis of the ulnar and median nerves include

A

Hyperextension of Mp joints and flexion of the IP joints of the 2nd-5th fingers

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17
Q

A radial nerve injury at the elbow

A

WHO with a wrist extension assist

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18
Q

Which component will be used by a pt with a 0-2 intrinsics and 3-4 extensor digitorum/flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

A

MP extension stop

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19
Q

Ox recommendation for a radial-ulnar nerve injury at the elbow

A

WHO with MP extension stop and 4th/5th IP extension assist

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20
Q

The volar surface of the forearm contains the ______ muscles which as a group originate at the _____ humeral condyle

A

Wrist flexors, medial condyle

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21
Q

The _____ interossei abduct and while the ______ interossei adduct

A

Dorsal, Palmar

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22
Q

The movement of the thumb called opposition occurs at the

A

Carpometacarpal joint

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23
Q

Nerve that innervates all of the anterior muscles of the arm

A

Musculocutaneous

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24
Q

A C6 quad powers a wrist driven flexor hinges

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

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25
Q

General terms: Radial nerve of the brachial plexus innervates

A

Supinators and extensors

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26
Q

Most common MP joint deformity for digits 2-5 in RA is

A

Volar subluxation and ulnar deviation

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27
Q

Mobile segments of the hands proximal transverse arch are carpometacarpal joints

A

1-4-5

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28
Q

Radial nerve injury might require what additional component for the thumb on a HO

A

Thumb post

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29
Q

Total arc of motion of the wrist joint in the coronal plane

A

50 degrees

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30
Q

Goals for fitting an Inguinal Hernia Truss

A

-Place the Pt on their back with legs flexed (relaxes internal organs and allows gravity to assist in reducing the hernia into the inguinal tear
-Reduce the hernia

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31
Q

Pt comes into office with an open draining odorous wound to their medial malleolus. You should…

A

-Wear protective equipment when making PE
-Contact Pt’s physician and advise them of your observations

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32
Q

Cauda Equina refers to

A

The nerve roots/fibers at the end of the spinal column

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33
Q

Measuring a Pt for a TLSO hyperextension Ox, the Pt should be

A

Supine and standing

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34
Q

Anterior displacement of the vertebral body on the next lower vertebrae is known as

A

Spondylolisthesis

35
Q

Opposition of the thumb and index finger is known as

A

Tenodesis

36
Q

Nerve most likely involved in the Pt with drop foot is the

A

Peroneal nerve
(innervates the tibialis anterior muscle and when stimulated, causes concentric Cx of the muscle belly initiating a DF moment of the foot-ankle complex during normal gait

37
Q

Desired wrist angle relative to the forearm in the “position of function” to pick up an object from a table is

A

30 degrees extension

38
Q

Pt with radial nerve weakness would exhibit

A

Weakness when extending the wrist
(Innervates the extensor musculature of the wrist)

39
Q

Most common Tx regime for a Pt referred to your facility with Radial nerve palsy would be

A

Static flexion control Ox
(Due to weakness in the extensor muscles resulting in wrist drop)

40
Q

The Williams Flexion Spinal Ox differs from a APML style device in that it has a

A

Dynamic Superior band
(sidebars are not attached directly to the pelvic band)

41
Q

Superior margin of the Williams Flexion Ox

A

1” inferior to the inferior angle of the scapulae

42
Q

Pt presentation of median nerve palsy

A

Inability to flex the wrist (median nerve innervates the flexors of the UE)

43
Q

Arthritis affects the

A

Cartilage
(Inflammation of the joint, wear of the cartilage of the synovial joints)

44
Q

Main plantarflexors of the lower extremity

A

Gastroc and Soleus

45
Q

Weight Bearing KAFO using a Thomas Ring to achieve suspension incorporates which bony prominence to take weight to un-weight the knee

A

Ischium
(Thomas Rings is a shaped metal rod of at least 3/8” diameter in adults that when properly contoured, achieves a bony purchase on the ischium to achieve un-weighting the lower extremity limb)

46
Q

Muscle group that extends the hip during gait is

A

Hamstrings
(Extends the hip via a concentric contracture)

47
Q

When taking an impression for a KAFO, for the best possible impression, it is important to use the Segmented impression procedure and

A

Posterior Popliteal rest
(helps to assure that correct positioning of the impression will help to control recurvatum in the impression)

48
Q

Visually impaired 70 y.o. male Pt is referred to your office with a Rx for a “hyperextension back brace” for an anterior thoracic compression Fx as a result of a fall at home. Upon PE, you find a male with marked kyphosis and significant arthritis of both hands. Your choice of Ox devices should include

A

Utilization of Velcro for the closure to adapt to the Pt’s arthritis

49
Q

14 y.o. with crouch gait. Types of Ox devices to consider

A

Custom molded floor reaction AFO with solid ankle and full footplate

50
Q

The tibialis anterior fires concentrically during which cycle of gait

A

Toe Off (push off)
(This Cx enables the foot to clear the floor in both DF and supination)

51
Q

Most commonly prescribed position for fitting a Pt with a s/p rotator cuff repair

A

15 degrees abduction and elbow at 90 degrees

52
Q

Morton’s Neuroma

A

Neuroma is an inflammation of a nerve
Common between the 3rd and 4th toes

53
Q

Common treatment of Morton’s Neuroma

A

Foot Orthotics
Injection of Analgesic
Injection of a Corticosteroid
Accommodative footwear

54
Q

Prune Belly Syndrome

A

Congenital anomaly involving the Pt with an absence of abdominal musculature

55
Q

Prune Belly Syndrome Device

A

Custom flexible soft spinal support
(requires the spinal support to assist in urination and bowel movements as well as support when sitting)

56
Q

Ideal lesion level for Tx of an SCI Pt is with an RGO is

A

L1-L3
(Hip flexors are able to “drive” the Ox resulting in less energy expenditure and the ability to ambulate further in the RGO device)

57
Q

C4 innervates what muscle actions

A

Diaphragm and shoulder elevators

58
Q

C5

A

Shoulder flexors and abductors
Elbow Flexors

59
Q

C6

A

Wrist extensors

60
Q

C7

A

Elbow extensors (Triceps)

61
Q

C8

A

Finger flexors, extensors, and intrinsics

62
Q

T1-T6

A

Upper trunk muscles

63
Q

T7-T12

A

Lower trunk muscles

64
Q

L1-L2

A

Hip flexors

65
Q

L3

A

Knee extensors

66
Q

L4

A

Ankle dorsiflexors

67
Q

L5

A

Toe extensors

68
Q

S1-S5

A

Ankle plantarflexors, bowel, and bladder

69
Q

An SCI Pt at the level of _____ will be able to feed themselves

A

C7
Patient with sparing of C7 has 3 important functional additions:
-Triceps, common finger extensors, and long finger flexors

70
Q

Latissimus Dorsi receives its initial innervation at this level

A

C6
Innervated from the thoracodorsal nerve

71
Q

Tricep musculature receives its innervation at level

A

C7
Innervated from the radial nerve

72
Q

Ability to grasp occurs through innervation at this level

A

C7

73
Q

Scheuermann’s disease involves which area of the spine

A

Kyphosis of the Thoracic spine

74
Q

Average age of Pt suffering from Scheuermann’s disease is

A

Adolescents
-Curve angles are usually 15-40 degrees
-More exaggerated in females

75
Q

Which nerve innervates the Quadricep muscles

A

Femoral Nerve
L2-4

76
Q

What is aponeurosis

A

Flattened tendon

77
Q

Function of the Latissimus Dorsi on the humerus

A

Adducts, medially rotates, and extends the humerus
C6-8

78
Q

Serratus Anterior muscle

A

Abducts the scapula and rotates it
Stabilizes vertebral border of scapula
Draws scapula forward and upward
Innervated by the long thoracic nerve

79
Q

Paralysis of the arm caused bty injury to the upper group of the arm’s main nerves during birth is known as

A

Erb’s Palsy

80
Q

Trauma to the anterior compartment of the shoulder resulting in a flail arm results in a disorder known as

A

Brachial Plexus damage
(A nerve bundle ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve roots of C5 vertebrae

81
Q

Brachial plexus damage side effects

A

Brachial plexus innervates the deltoid muscle which is one of the primary supportive muscles that support the entire arm
Without innervation, the result is dislocation of the Glenoid Humeral joint

82
Q

Treatment of Brachial Plexus injury

A

A/C separation Ox
(Arm flails through lack of muscular control)
Goal is to support the arm and keep the glenoid humeral joint in place

83
Q

In the operative suite, the area below the table is considered

A

Non-sterile

Orthotic and Prosthetic Board Prep (9 decks)

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