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phlebotomy > Quiz 3 - Ch 5 & 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 - Ch 5 & 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure of the body

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how the body functions

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

Ability of the body systems to work together and sustain life and keep the body functioning normally

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4
Q

Cell

A

Smallest functioning unit of the body

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5
Q

body tissues

A

Group of specific cells with similar structure and function

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6
Q

Organs

A

Body structures formed by the combination of 2 or more different types of tissue

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7
Q

Body systems

A

Groups of organs functioning together for a common purpose

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8
Q

Organism

A

Several body systems make up a complete living entity

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9
Q

Integumentary

A

Protects against harmful pathogens and chemicals and regulates temperature

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10
Q

Skeletal

A

Supports and protects internal organs, stores minerals, and locations of blood cell formation

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11
Q

Muscular

A

Controls skeletal movement and heat production`

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12
Q

Nervous

A

Recognizes and interprets sensory stimuli and regulates responses to stimuli by coordinating other body systems

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13
Q

Respiratory

A

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and circulating blood

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14
Q

Digestive

A

Breaks down food to usable molecules to be absorbed by the body and eliminates waste products

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15
Q

Urinary

A

Removes waste products and regulates balance of water and salt

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16
Q

Endocrine

A

Produces and regulates hormones

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17
Q

Reproductive

A

Regulates sexual reproduction and development of male and female sexual characteristics

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18
Q

Lymphatic

A

returns excessive tissue fluid to the blood stream and defends against disease

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19
Q

Circulatory

A

Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products

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20
Q

Toward the interior

A

Deep

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21
Q

Toward the back

A

Posterior

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22
Q

In front of before

A

Anterior

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23
Q

The back side

A

Dorsal

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24
Q

Toward the surface

A

Superficial

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25
Q

Within/interior to

A

Internal

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26
Q

Below/in a downward direction

A

Inferior

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27
Q

The front side

A

Ventral

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28
Q

Outside/exterior to

A

External

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29
Q

Pertaining to the wall of cavity

A

Parietal

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30
Q

Point of attachment near the body center

A

Proximal

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31
Q

Pertaining to the organs within a cavity

A

Visceral

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32
Q

Above/in an ward directions

A

Superior

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33
Q

To the side

A

Lateral

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34
Q

Point of attachment farther from center

A

Distal

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35
Q

Nearest the midline

A

Medial

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36
Q

Describe the 4 basic types of tissue:
Epithelial

A

Flat cells, sheet like, cover/line body surfaces

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37
Q

Describe the 4 basic types of tissue:
Nerve

A

Transmit electrical impulses to regulate nobody functions

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38
Q

Describe the 4 basic types of tissue:
Muscle

A

Long and thin cels, provides contractile tissue for body movement

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39
Q

Describe the 4 basic types of tissue:
Connective

A

Blood, bones, cartilage, and adipose cells that connect tissues and organs and provide support network for the organs

40
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A

Standing erect, head facing forward, arms by the side w/ palms facing front

41
Q

Describe the supine position

A

Lying horizontal on the back w/ the face up

42
Q

Describe the prone position

A

Lying face down

43
Q

4 disorders of integumentary system

A
  1. Acne
  2. Fever blisters (cold sores)
  3. Dermatitis
  4. Skin cancer
44
Q

2 lab tests and they’re clinical correlation

A
  1. Skin biopsy - malignancy
  2. Fungal culture - fungal infection
45
Q

Describe the 4 types of bones that make up the skeletal system

A
  1. Long bones: bones in extremities (arms, legs, hands)
  2. Short bones: bones in wrists and ankles
  3. Flat bones: ribs, shoulder blades, hips, skull
  4. Irregular bones: vertebrae, facial
46
Q

2 lab tests for skeletal system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) - bone disorders
  2. Synovial fluid analysis - arthritis
47
Q

Describes the 3 types of muscle found in the body

A
  1. Skeletal: striated voluntary muscle, attaches to bone, provides movement to the body
  2. Smooth: unstriated involuntary, lacks cross-striped appearance microscopically
  3. Cardiac: muscle of the heart wall, involuntary
48
Q

2 lab tests for muscular system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Myoglobin - muscle damage
  2. Potassium (K) - muscle function
49
Q

4 disorders of nervous system

A
  1. Alzheimer’s
  2. Epilepsy
  3. Bell’s palsy
  4. Parkinson’s
50
Q

2 lab test for nervous system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Creative kinase isoenzyme (CK-BB) - Brian damage
  2. Serotonin - neuroendocrine tumors
51
Q

4 disorders of respiratory system

A
  1. Apnea
  2. Strep throat
  3. COPD
  4. Tonsillitis
52
Q

2 lab tests for respiratopry system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Sweat chloride test - cystic fibrosis
  2. Complete blood count (CBC) - pneumonia
53
Q

4 disorders of the urinary system

A
  1. Cystitis
  2. Renal failure
  3. UTI
  4. Uremia
54
Q

2 lab test for urinary system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Albumin - kidney function
  2. Electrolytes - fluid balance
55
Q

4 disorders of endocrine system

A
  1. Cushings
  2. Diabetes
  3. Dwarfism
  4. Cretinism
    Honorable mention: PCOS
56
Q

2 lab tests of endocrine system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Aldosterone - regulation of sodium blood levels
  2. Thyroid function (T3, T4, TSH) - thyroid function
57
Q

4 disorders reproductive system

A
  1. Endometriosis
  2. STDs
  3. Premenstrual syndrome
  4. Carcinoma
58
Q

2 lab tests of reproductive system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Genital culture - bacterial infection
  2. Estradiol, estriol, estrogen - ovarian/placental function
59
Q

4 disorders of the lymphatic system

A
  1. AIDS
  2. Lymphoma
  3. Hodgkin disease
  4. Multiple myeloma
60
Q

2 lab tests of lymphatic system and clinical correlation

A
  1. Anti-HIV - HIV screening
  2. Iummunoglobin (Ig) levels - function of immune system
61
Q

A nephron is part of which body system

A

Urinary

62
Q

Elimination of waste products is a function of which body system

A

Digestive

63
Q

Which body system is responsible for releasing hormones directly into the bloodstream

A

Endocrine

64
Q

The medical term for elevated blood sugar is

A

Hyperglycemia

65
Q

Which type of tissue supports and connects all parts of the body

A

Connective

66
Q

The master land of the endocrine system is the

A

Pituitary

67
Q

The basic structure of the body is

A

Cell

68
Q

Synovial fluid is found in the

A

Joints

69
Q

A synapse is part of which body system

A

Nervous

70
Q

The brain and spinal cord are protected by

A

Meninges

71
Q

Digestive enzymes are secreted by what organ

A

Pancreas, small intestine, stomach

72
Q

What body plane divides the body vertically into equal right and left portions

A

Sagittal

73
Q

The body system that procedures B cells and T cells is the

A

Lymphatic system

74
Q

Capillaries, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, glands, and hair follicles are in which layer of skin

A

Epidermis

75
Q

Disorder of the nervous system

A

Fibromyalgia

76
Q

Disorder of the skeletal system

A

Arthritis

77
Q

Disorder of the integumentary system

A

Acne

78
Q

Disorder of the digestive system

A

Appendicitis

79
Q

Disorder of the reproductive system

A

Fibrosis

80
Q

Disorder of the muscular system

A

Cystic fibrosis

81
Q

Disorder of the respiratory system

A

Meningitis

82
Q

Disorder of the urinary system

A

Cystitis

83
Q

Disorder of the endocrine system

A

Hypothyroidism

84
Q

Disorder of the lymphatic system

A

AIDS

85
Q

Which of the following carries oxygen-poor blood
A. Pulmonary vein
B. Arota
C. Radial artery
D. Pulmonary artery

A

D. Pulmonary artery

86
Q

When checking a person’s pulse rate, you should typically use the
A. Brachial artery
B. Aorta
C. Radial artery
D. Ulnar artery

A

C. Radial artery

87
Q

The artery located in the antecubital space is the

A

Brachial

88
Q

The vein of choice for vein puncture, located in the antecubital space is

A

Median cubital

89
Q

Deoxygenated blood enters the heart in which chamber

A

Right atrium

90
Q

Blood is pumped into he aorta form the

A

Left ventricle

91
Q

A persons blood group is determined by testing

A

Both A & B

92
Q

Blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide are

A

Erythrocytes

93
Q

Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system*****
A. Conveying affront nerve impulses
B. Excerpting wastes from the body
C. Producing the formed elements
D. Carrying oxygen to the tissue cells

A

C. Producing the formed elements

94
Q

The heart is surrounded by a thin fluid-sac called the

A

Pericardium

95
Q

The force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels is called

A

Blood pressure

96
Q

What are tiny blood vessels that are only one cell thick

A

Capillaries

97
Q

Blood consists of 2 parts; a liquid portion called _______ and a cellular portion called the _________ __________

A

Plasma; formed elements

phlebotomy (9 decks)

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