Women and the Family Flashcards
What was the Nazi view of the woman?
Should look after the family and home, have large families, devoted to 3 K’s: Kinder, Kuchen and Kirche (Children, kitchen, church)
What was the ideal Nazi woman?
Blonde, athletic, fit, big hips, non smoking, avoidant of makeup, wear non revealing clothing, good cook
What were women offered in June 1933 and why?
600 Reichsmarks to marry and give up work
What were encouraged to discriminate in favour of men?
Labour exchanges - women for men
What were women excluded from?
Politics and law
What organisation was established to promote anti-feminist ideology?
Nazi Women’s Organisation
What was abolished for girls and when?
Grammar school education, 1937
Why couldn’t women go to university?
Unable to take Latin (requirement for university)
Why did Nazi policies have to change after 1937?
Labour shortages, 4 year plan needed more workers
What were women required for?
Factory work and to rejoin former professions
How many women were in work by 1939?
7.1 million (+1.4 million from 1937)
What % of the workforce was female in 1942?
52%
What measures did the Nazis take to increase the size of families?
Banned abortions
limited contraception advice
improved maternity benefits
family allowances
gave marriage loans
reduced taxes based on # of children
What campaign was introduced to promote motherhood?
‘Mother’s Cross’ - bronze, silver or gold depending on number of children
How successful were the policies surrounding the family?
Birth rate increased (could have been due to the depression), marriage figures stayed the same and divorce rate rose, women denied many opportuunities
