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Cardiovascular > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of Giant cell Arteritis

A

Unilateral headache, temporal artery tenderness and Jaw Claudication, Can lead to Blindness (if ophthalmic A occluded)

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2
Q

Which disease is associated with Giant Cell Arteritis

A

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

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3
Q

which arteries are affected in Giant cell arteritis

A

Branches of Carotid Artery

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4
Q

Histology of Giant cell arteritis

A

Focal Granulomatous Inflammation

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5
Q

How to treat Giant cell arteritis

A

High dose corticosteroids

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6
Q

Symptoms of Takayasu arteritis

A
  • weak upper extremity pulse (pulseless disease)
  • fever, night sweats
  • Arthritis, myalgia
  • skin nodules
  • ocular disturbances
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7
Q

Histology of Takayasu

A

Granulomas (in aortic arch and proximal great vessels)

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8
Q

how to treat Takayasu

A

corticosteroids

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9
Q

where do you see elevated ESR

A

Giant cell arteritis and Takayasu

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10
Q

Symptoms of Buerger disease

A
  • Intermittent claudication
  • Gangrene, Autoamputation of digits
  • Superficial nodular phlebitis
  • Raynaud phenomenon
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11
Q

Histology of Buerger

A

Segmental thrombosing vasculitis with vein and nerve involvement (thromboangitis obliterans)

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12
Q

Symptoms of Kawasaki

A

CRASH and Burn
- Conjunctival injection
- Rash (desquamating)
- Adenopathy (Cervical)
- Strawberry tongue (oral mucositis)
- Hand foot change (edema/erythema)
- Fever

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13
Q

Complications of Kawasaki

A

Coronary artery aneurysm that can rupture or get thrombosed

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14
Q

How to treat Kawasaki

A

IV immunoglobulin and Aspirin

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15
Q

Symptoms of polyarteritis nodosa

A
  • Fever, weight-loss, headache
  • GI (abdominal pain, melena)
  • HTN, neuro
  • Cutaneous eruptions
  • Renal damage
  • NO lungs
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16
Q

Histology of polyarteritis Nodosa

A

Transmural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis

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17
Q

Which radio test u would do for patients with Polyarteritis nodosa

A

Arteriogram of renal (Innumerable renal micro aneurysms)

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18
Q

What to test for in patients with polyarteritis nodosa

A

Hep B

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19
Q

Treatment of polyarteritis nodosa

A

Corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide

20
Q

Symptoms of Behcet syndrome

A

Apthous ulcer, Genital ulcer, Uveitis, Erythema nodosum

21
Q

What viruses Precipitate Behcet

A

HSV or Parvovirus

22
Q

Histology of Behcet

A

Immune complex vasculitis

23
Q

which serotype is associated with Behcet

A

HLA-B51

24
Q

Causes of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis

A
  • Meds (penicillin/cephalosporin/Phenytoin/ Allopurinol)
  • Infections (HCV/HIV)
25
Q

Symptoms of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis

A

Palpable purpura

26
Q

Histology of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis

A

Immune complex mediated Leukocytoclastic vasculitis

27
Q

Symptoms of Churg-Strauss (Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis)

A
  • Asthma, Sinusitis
  • Skin nodules or purpura
  • neuropathy (wrist/foot drop)
  • Heart, GI , Kidney (pauci immune glomerulonephritis)
28
Q

Histology of Churg-Strauss

A

Granulomatous necrotizing with Eosinophilia

29
Q

Serotypes in Churg-Strauss

A

MPO-ANCA/ p-ANCA
Increase in IgE

30
Q

Symptoms of Wegner (Graulomatosis with polyangitis)

A
  • URT (perforated nasal septum, Sinusitis, Otitis media, mastoiditis)
  • LRT (hemoptysis, cough, dyspnea)
  • Renal (Hematuria, red cell cast)
31
Q

Histology of Wegner

A

necrotizing granuloma

32
Q

Serology in Wegner

A

PR3-ANCA / c-ANCA (anti-proteinase 3)

33
Q

What radiologic test to do in Wegner

A

CXR (large nodular densities)

34
Q

How to treat Wegner

A

Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids

35
Q

Symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein pupura

A
  • Follows URT infection
  • Palpable purpura on buttocks/legs
    Arthralgia
  • Abdominal pain (associated with intussusception)
36
Q

Which disease is associated with Henoch-Schonlein pupura

A

IgA nephropathy (Berger)

37
Q

Cause of Henoch-Schonlein pupura

A

IgA immune complex deposits

38
Q

Tx of Henoch-Schonlein pupura

A

Supportive , possible corticosteroids

39
Q

Symptoms of Microscopic polyangitis

A

Similar to Granulomatosis with polyangitis but WITHOUT nasopharyngeal involvement
No granuloma

40
Q

Serology of Microscopic polyangitis

A

MPO-ANCA / p-ANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase)

41
Q

Tx of Microscopic polyangitis

A

Cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids

42
Q

Cause of mixed Cryoglobulinemia

A

Viral (HCV)

43
Q

Symptoms of mixed Cryoglobulinemia

A
  • Palpable purpura
  • Weakness
  • Arthralgia
  • may have peripheral neuro and kidney
44
Q

What are Cryglobulins

A

Immunoglobulins that precipitate in the Cold

45
Q

Histology of mixed Cryoglobulinemia

A

mixed IgG and IgM immune complex depositions

Cardiovascular (2 decks)

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