pyelonephritis (W3) Flashcards
nephro
kidneys
renal
of or belonging to kidneys
nephrology
the study of kidneys
urology
study of urinary tract
lithos
stone
calculi
something accidental that doesn’t belong in body, like a stone
UTI protective factors
pH, acidic
presence of urea
males have prostatic secretions
females have urethral gland secretions
flow of urine is uni-directional via one way valve
immune system
UTI RF
catheters- CAUTI
women- urethra is small and short, closer to anus, and perineal irritation
age- older
pregnancy
sexual activity- especially women (spermicide/condoms)
urinary obstruction/refllux
immobility
incontinence- urine/stool
decreased cognition
bad personal hygiene
pathogenesis of UTI
ascending pattern- up
contaminated perineum to urethra to bladder (cystitis) to ureter to kidney (pyelonephritis)
pyelonephritis
upper UTI, inflammation of kidneys
ascending infection with e coli/bloodstream infection
major RF for pyelonephritis
pregnancy (fetus blocks the ureters- urine stasis)
pathogenesis of pyelonephritis
inflammation response- kidney tissue damage
upper UTI clinical manifestations
sudden onset of fever, chills, CVA tenderness
s/s of lower UTI like dysuria
accompanying s/s of N/V, anorexia
urosepsis
severe systemic response to UTI
urosepsis
severe systemic response to UTI
prognosis: high mortality
*key is early identification and treatment
