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SYSTEMATICS > MONERA, PROTISTA, FUNGI > Flashcards

MONERA, PROTISTA, FUNGI Flashcards

1
Q

KINGDOM MONERA
(phyla)

AEC

A

Archaeabacteria
Eubacteria
Cyanobacteria

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2
Q

KINGDOM PROTISTA
(phyla)

ECSRAU

A

Excavates
Chromalveolates
Stramenophiles
Rhizarians
Archaeaplastida
Unikonts

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3
Q

Excavates
(class)

DPET

A

Diplomonads
Parabasalids
Euglenoids
Trypanosomes

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4
Q

Alveolates
(order)

DAC

A

Dinoflagellates
Apicomplexans
Ciliates

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5
Q

Stramenophiles
(class)

DBG

A

Diatoms
Brown Algae
Golden Algae

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6
Q

Rhizarians
(class)

FA

A

Forams
Actinopods

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7
Q

Archaeaplastida
(class)

RG

A

Red Algae
Green Algae

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8
Q

Unikonts
(class)

A
PSM
CSL
C

A

Amoebozoa
Plasmodial Slime Molds
Cellular Slime Molds
Choanoflagellates

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9
Q

KINGDOM FUNGI
(phyla)

CZGAB

A

Chytridiomycota
Zygomycota
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota

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10
Q

Monera
- ___karyotes
- unicellular
- reproduction: asexual - _______
- cell wall is rigid: made up of peptidoglycan
- movement: _______
- autotrophic, parasitic, saprophytic

A

Kingdom Monera
- prokaryotes
- reproduction: binary fission
- movement: flagella

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11
Q

____________
- live in extreme environments - ________philes
____________- microorganisms that thrive in very hot environment
____________- microorganisms that thrive in very cold environment
halophiles -microorganisms that thrive in high salt concentration environment

A

Archaeabacteria - extremophiles
thermophiles
psychrophiles

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12
Q
  • live in normal conditions
  • cell wall is rigid: peptidoglycan
  • movement: __________
  • autotrophic, heterotrophic
A

Eubacteria
- movement: flagellated

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13
Q
  • photosynthetic
  • chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycobilin
  • aquatic
  • autotrophic
A

Cyanobacteria

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14
Q
  • informal group
  • unicellular
  • eukaryotic
  • autotrophic, heterotrophic
  • colonial
  • coenocytes
  • multicellular
  • pesudopodia, cilia, flagella
  • aquatic, terrestrial
  • sexua, asexual
A

Protista

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15
Q
  • unicellular
  • deep excavated
  • greatly modified mitochondria, semi- functional or none
  • two or more flagella
  • endosymbionts
A

Excavates

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16
Q
  • 1 or 2 nuclei
  • no functional mitochondria
  • no golgi complex
  • 8 flagella
A

Diplomonads

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17
Q
  • anaerobic endosymbionts
  • flagellated excavates mostly in animals
  • trychonymphs - hundreds of flagella in termites, wood cockroaches
  • trychomonads - STD in humans
A

Parabasalids

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18
Q
  • unicellular flagellates
  • free- living, parasitic
  • 9+2 arrangement
  • single mitochondria - organized deposit of DNA - kinetoplastids
  • colorless, parasitic, human pathogens
A

Euglenoids and

Trypanosomes

19
Q
  • originated as a result of secondary endosymbionts - ancestral cell engulfed by red alga
  • have small cavities under cell surfaces - alveoli
  • photosynthetic, heterotrophic
A

Chromalveolates

20
Q
  • ribosomal DNA sequence
  • alveoli
A

Alveolates

21
Q
  • unicellular, autotroph
  • colonial
  • alveoli: cellulose/ thecal plates
  • 2 flagella
  • endosymbionts - zooxanthellae
A

Dinoflagellates

22
Q
  • unicellular parasites
  • apical complex - penetrate hose cell
  • alveoli: serve as structural function
  • unpigmented remndant chloroplast from red alga
  • lack organelle for locomotion
  • moving function - xxxx
  • Malaria
  • produce sporozoites
A

Apicomplexans

23
Q
  • cilia - locomotion and feeding
  • alveoli: pellicle
  • solitary in freshwater
  • micronuclei - sexual gene shuffling - conjugation
  • macronuclei
A

Ciliates

24
Q
  • unicellular, colonial
  • cell wall: two shells that overlap
  • radial and bilateral symmetry
  • asexual - mitosis
  • common in freshwater but abundant in cool ocean
A

Diatoms

25
Q
  • largest and most complex
  • filamentous, fleshy, tuff
  • known as seaweed
A

Brown Algae

26
Q
  • unicellular biflagellates
  • freshwater, marine
  • few lack flagella: similar in amoebal appearance
  • asexual - zoospores
  • photosynthetic: gold, golden brown pigment
A

Golden Algae

27
Q
  • amoeboid cells - hard outer shells (tests), cytoplasmic extension projections
  • “rhizarian” - thread-like cytoplasmic projection,
  • “rhiza” - root
  • bikonts
A

Rhizarians

28
Q
  • marine rhizarians
  • cytoplasmic projection - sticky interconnected net to catch preys
  • unicellular algal endosymbionts
  • live in ocean floor and/or part of plankton
A

Forams

29
Q
  • axopods - long filamentous cytoplasmic projections
  • radiolarians - secrete glassy shells made up of silica
A

Actinopods

30
Q
  • grouped based on molecular data and presence of chloroplast
  • bikonts
A

Archaeaplastida

31
Q
  • multicellular
  • not producing motile cells
  • body: complex, interwoven filaments (delicate, feathery)
  • sexual, asexual
  • warm tropical areas
A

Red Algae

32
Q
  • chemically identical to those land plants
  • photosynthetic
  • cell wall: cellulose
  • multicellular cells not differentiated into tissue
  • produce flagellated cells, few nonmotile
  • asexual, sexual
  • aquatic, terrestrial
A

Green Algae

33
Q
  • common ancestor - unikonts
  • single centriolee
  • triple-gene fusion
A

Unikonts

34
Q
  • produce temporary cytoplasmic projectoins called pseudopodia (lobose)
  • amoeba (change)
  • pseudopodia - moving, engulfing
A

Amoebozoa

35
Q
  • plasmodium - feeding stage
  • form a network of channels that covers a large surface areas
A

Plasmodial Slime Molds

36
Q
  • feed as individual amoeboid cells that behaves as separate solitary organism
  • haploid nucleus
  • reproduce - mitosis
  • lc. lacks flagellate stage
A

Cellular Slime Molds

37
Q
  • closely related to animals
  • freshwater, marine
  • free-swimming, sessile
  • single flagellum with collar
  • resemble collar cells in sponges
A

Choanoflagellates

38
Q
  • some are mycorrhizal
  • mycelium
  • eukaryote
  • heterotrophic, saprophytic
  • cell walls: chitin
  • unicellular - yeasts
  • multicellular - molds
  • sexual, asexual
  • impt in trapping CO2 into the soil, preventing to come in atmosphere
A

Fungi

39
Q
  • earliest fungal to evolve
  • small, relatively simple
  • ponds, salt water, damp soils
  • mostly decomposers and few are parasites
  • unicellular
  • thallus - body - contains rhizoids (slender extensions) that anchor to food source and absorb it
  • only fungi that have flagellate cell and spores that bear single posterior flagellum
  • have flagellated gametes
A

Chytridiomycota

40
Q
  • most are decomposers
  • live in soil on decaying plant or animal matter
  • symbiotic relationship with plant roots
  • few cause dieases to animal, plants, humans
  • hypahe - coenocytic
  • sexual rep - prpdouce zygomycetes (zygospores) produce in spore sacs (zygosporangia)
A

Zygomycota

41
Q
  • hyphae: coenocytic
  • asexual: large, multinuleate spores - blatospores
  • symbionts to roots of most trees and herbaceous plants
  • if a plant grown in phosphate *deficient soild, limited root system - mutualism
  • if a plant grows in phosphate *rich soil, wll developed root system - parasitism
  • ## mycrorrhizae - symbiont between hyphae of certaun fungi and root of plants
A

Glomeromycota

42
Q
  • sac fungi
  • ## most yeasts impt in trapping CO2 into the soil, preventing to come in atmosphere - cause food to spoil
A

Ascomycota

43
Q
  • largest and most familiar fungi: mushrooms, bracket fungi, puffballs
  • many are decomposers, few causes human disease
  • asexual rep is less observed
  • sexual rep: basidia - microscopic club-shaped comparable in funtion to the asci
A

Basidiomycota

SYSTEMATICS (5 decks)

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