Chapter 11

Question 1

Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli

Answer 1

Bronchioles

Question 2

The use of muscles of the chest, back, and abdomen to assist in expanding the chest; occurs when air movement is impaired.

Answer 2

Labored Breathing

Question 3

A combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin; not used for trauma patients.

Answer 3

Head tilt-chin lift Maneuver

Question 4

A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism; effectively measures the concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time

Answer 4

Capnography

Question 5

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity.

Answer 5

Hemothorax

Question 6

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs.

Answer 6

Oxygenation

Question 7

The two nerves that innervate the diaphragm; necessary for adequate breathing to occur.

Answer 7

Phrenic Nerves

Question 8

Metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main by-product is lactic acid.

Answer 8

Anaerobic Metabolism

Question 9

Thin white bands of tough muscular tissue that are lateral borders of the glottis and serve as the primary center for speech production.

Answer 9

Vocal Cords

Question 10

Technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the jaw forward; used for patients who may have a cervical spine injury.

Answer 10

Jaw Thrust Maneuver

Question 11

A side-lying position used to maintain a clear airway in unresponsive patients who are breathing adequately and do not have suspected injuries to the spine, hips, or pelvis.

Answer 11

Recovery Position

Question 12

The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible.

Answer 12

Vital Capacity

Question 13

Occurs when a foreign body partially obstructs the patient’s airway. The patient is able to move adequate amounts of air, but also experiences some degree of respiratory distress.

Answer 13

Mild Airway Obstruction

Question 14

Visualization of the vocal cords, and thereby placement of the endotracheal tube, that is facilitated by use of a video camera and monitor.

Answer 14

Video Laryngoscope

Question 15

Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus; located between the two lungs.

Answer 15

Mediastinum

Question 16

Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway, if necessary.

Answer 16

Oropharyngeal Airway

Question 17

Movement of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Answer 17

Diffusion

Question 18

A term used to distinguish the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction. If present, the patient is still conscious and able to cough forcefully, although wheezing may be heard.

Answer 18

Good Air Exchange

Question 19

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route.

Answer 19

Inhalation