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0 Ancient Greek Myth > The Beginning: Part One > Flashcards

The Beginning: Part One Flashcards

1
Q

What was at the beginning of everything in Greek myth?

A

Chaos, literally emptiness, void, abyss

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2
Q

What were the first two entities to spring from chaos?

A

Erebus (male) –darkness
Nyx (female) –night

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3
Q

When Erebus and Nyx coupled immediately after their creation, what was the result?

A

They brought forth Hemera (day) and Aether (night)

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4
Q

Which entities did Chaos bring forth after Erebus and Nyx?

A

Gaia, the earth
Tartarus, the depths and caves beneath the earth

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5
Q

Which two sons were born by Gaia on her own?

A

Pontus, the sea
Ouranos, the sky

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6
Q

Who was brought forth through the union of Hemera and Aether?

A

Thalassa, female counterpart of Pontus the sea

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7
Q

How did the second order of divine beings come into creation?

A

Through union of Ouranos and Gaia (his mother)

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8
Q

Who were the First Order of divine beings?

A

Primordial deities (Gaia, Tartarus, etc.) from whom all gods, heroes etc. sprang.

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9
Q

How did Time begin ?

A

When Gaia coupled with Ouranos

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10
Q

Who were the six male children of Gaia and Ouranos ?

A

Coeus, Hyperion, Oceanus, Crius, Kronos and Iapetus (CHOCKI)

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11
Q

Who were the six female children of Gaia and Ouranos ?

A

Theia, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys, and Rhea

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12
Q

Which other children did Gaia and Ouranos give birth to ?

A

Two sets of triplets: the Cyclopes and the Hecatonchires

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13
Q

What were the names of the Cyclopes?

A

Brontes (thunder), Steropes (lightning), and Arges (brightness)

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14
Q

What are the Hecatonchires?

A

Creatures with fifty heads and a hundred hands each

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15
Q

What were the names of the Hecatonchires?

A

Cottus the furious, Gyges the long limbed, and Aegaeon the sea goat (Briareos)

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16
Q

Who were the Second Order of divine beings?

A

Sons and daughters of Gaia and Ouranos : the 12 titans, the cyclopes, and the hecatonchires

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17
Q

Ouranos hated and feared his latter offspring, the _________ and _____________.

A

Ouranos hated and feared his latter offspring, the Cyclopes and Hecatonchires.

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18
Q

What did Ouranos do to Gaia after she gave birth to the Cyclopes and Hecatonchires?

A

He cursed the cyclopes and hecatonchires and pushed them back inside her (potentially signifying that he buried them)

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19
Q

Where did Gaia go after Ouranos hurt her?

A

To Othrys, a great mountain in Greek Phthiotis

https://maps.app.goo.gl/agfuZVZcLPtnQvz3A?g_st=ic

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20
Q

What did Gaia do in Othrys?

A

She made a scythe to slay Ouranos.

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21
Q

How did Gaia seek revenge on Ouranos?

A

She asked her twelve children one by one to help her destroy him and rule all creation with her

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22
Q

Who did Tethys and Oceanus give birth to?

A

Clymene, Metis, Nilus (the Nile), and 3000 oceanids or sea nymphs

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23
Q

Who did Theia pair with?

A

Her brother Hyperion

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24
Q

Who were Theia and Hyperion’s children ?

A

Helios, the sun
Selene, the moon
Eos, the dawn

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25
Q

Which gift did Phoebe possess?

A

The gift of prophecy

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26
Q

Who was Phoebe’s consort?

A

Her brother Coeus

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27
Q

What was the name of Gaia’s daughter by her son Pontus?

A

Eurybia

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28
Q

Who was the consortof Eurybia (daughter of Gaia and Pontus)?

A

Crius

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29
Q

Who is Clymene?

A

Daughter of Tethys and Oceanus (who were the daughter and son of Gaia and Ouranos)

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30
Q

Who did Clymene (daughter of Tethys and Oceanus) pair with?

A

Iapetus, her uncle

31
Q

Who were the children of Clymene and Iapetus ?

A

Atlas, Epimetheus and Prometheus

32
Q

Which of Gaia’s children had agreed to help her destroy Ouranos?

A

Kronos

33
Q

Who is Tartarus ?

A

One of the primordial beings brought to life by Chaos along with Gaia, after Erebus and Nyx

34
Q

Which one of his siblings did Kronos feel particularly close to?

A

Rhea

35
Q

What was the object Gaia made at Mount Othrys and gave to Kronos?

A

A sharp scythe made from adamantine and that could cut through anything

36
Q

Which other being did Nyx birth all on her own?

A

Moros (doom)

37
Q

What were Nyx’s twins called?

A

Oizys, Spirit of misery, depression and anxiety
Momos, Spirit of mockery, scorn and blame

38
Q

Who was Eris?

A

Daughter of Nyx and Erebus, also known as Strife, gifter of the Apple of Discord

39
Q

Who was Nemesis ?

A

Sister of Eris, daughter of Nyx and Erebus, embodiment of retribution

40
Q

What are the Oneroi (children of Nyx and Erebus)?

A

Thousands of beings that make and distribute dreams (e.g Phoebetor, Phantasos..)

41
Q

What was the name of Hypnos’s son (grandson of Nyx and Erebus)?

A

Morpheus, associated with dreams and sleep

42
Q

Who were the Hesperides?

A

Daughters of Nyx and Erebus, beautiful nymphs of the west who herald in the gloaming hour.

43
Q

What happened to Ouranos on Mount Othrys?

A

Kronos, his son, castrated and deposed him

44
Q

Which 3 types of beings emerged from the bloody ground under Ouranos, after his castration ?

A

Erinyes (the Furies)
Gigantes (the Giants)
Meliae (nymphs)

45
Q

Who were the Erinyes?

A

Also called the Furies, vengeful females called Alecto (remorsless), Megaera (jealous rage) and Tisiphone (vengeance)

46
Q

What was the Meliae’s mission?

A

They were guardians of a Manna ash tree –and later become nurses to Zeus

47
Q

What did Kronos do to his mother Gaia?

A

He freed the cyclopes and hecatonchires by slicing her open

48
Q

Where did Kronos banish his father Ouranos and siblings?

A

He imprisoned the cyclopes and hecatonchires in caves, and buried Ouranos deep into the ground

49
Q

What happened to Ouranos’s severed genitals?

A

They landed near the island of Cynthera, where Aphrodite emerged

50
Q

What does the name Aphrodite mean?

A

From the foam, referring to the frothy spot where her father’s semen met the sea/ Also referred to as Venus by the Romans

51
Q

What was Kronos afraid of when Rhea got pregnant from their pairing?

A

His father Ouranos’s curse : “Your own children will overthrow you as you overthrew me”

52
Q

Who was Rhea’s first daughter?

A

Hestia (goddess of domesticity and the hearth)

53
Q

What did Kronos do to his and Rhea’s newborns?

A

He swallowed them whole

54
Q

Who were the 6 children of Rhea and Kronos?

A

Hestia, Hades, Hera, Demeter, Poseidon and Zeus

55
Q

Who did Rhea ask for help when Kronos kept eating her newborns ?

A

Gaia and Ouranos

56
Q

Who was Amalthea?

A

A she-goat living in Crete, and the foster mother of Zeus

57
Q

What was Rhea’s plan to save her 6th baby from Kronos?

A

To trick him into believing he ate him, and instead raise him in secret in Crete

58
Q

Who was Zeus?

A

Sixth child of Rhea and Kronos

59
Q

Who took care of Zeus growing up?

A

Amalthea, who nursed him, feeding him her milk; the Meliae, who fed him manna; and Rhea, his mother

60
Q

Who was Moros?

A

Son of Nyx, figuration of Destiny and Doom

61
Q

Where did the cornucopia come from?

A

A horn of Amalthea’s that Zeus accidently snapped off, and which became perpetually filled with food

62
Q

What were Rhea’s intentions for her son Zeus?

A

She raised him with the intent that he would destroy Kronos and free her other children

63
Q

Who did Rhea entrust with teaching Zeus the ways of the world?

A

Metis (daughter of Tethys and Oceanus, Zeus’s cousin)

64
Q

Who was Metis?

A

Daughter of Tethys and Oceanus, Zeus’s cousin

65
Q

What was the mixture Metis made on Zeus’s birthday, and who was it intended for?

A

A mixture of poppy juice and copper sulphate, intended for Kronos

66
Q

Who fed Metis’s potion to Kronos?

A

Zeus, presented to Kronos as a cup bearer

67
Q

What happened to Kronos when he drank the potion ?

A

He vomitted up the stone, and his five children

68
Q

What was the reason behind Zeus’s incapacity to beheading Kronos?

A

He couldn’t wield the scythe, because Gaia had made it for Kronos only

69
Q

Who were The (six) Gods?

A

Hestia, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Demeter, Zeus (HHHPDZ)

70
Q

What happened here?

A

Gaia forged a scythe that was to smite Ouranos.

71
Q

Name all the children of Erebus and Nyx

A

THE MAGA HONCHOS

Thanatos (death)
Hypnos
Eris (strife)

Momos (mockery, scorn)
Aether
Geras
Apate (deceit)

Hemera
Oizys (misery)
Nemesis (retribution)
Charon
Hesperides
Oneroi (bringer of dreams)
Styx

72
Q

What did the Erinyes (Furies) do to the guilty?

A

Flay the flesh from their bones

73
Q

What are the Erinyes nicknamed?

A

The Eumenides (kindly ones).

0 Ancient Greek Myth (9 decks)

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