Earth Science B Quiz #2

Question 1

What are the percentages of the total water on earth?

Answer 1

Oceans - 97%
Freshwater - 3%

Question 2

Out of all the freshwater, what are the percentages of the things that carry freshwater?

Answer 2

Ice caps and glaciers - 70%
Groundwater - 29%
Accessible freshwater - 1%

Question 3

What are the two reasons why the oceans are salty?

Answer 3

Underwater volcanoes.
Weathered rocks.

Question 4

What percentage of earth’s surface do oceans cover?

Answer 4

75%

Question 5

What are the 5 major oceans?

Answer 5

Pacific
Atlantic
Indian
Artic
Southern

Question 6

What is the largest ocean?

Answer 6

Pacific.

Question 7

Approximately 97% of earth’s water is _____ water.

Answer 7

Salt.

Question 8

Other than river mouths, these are the regions of Earth’s oceans with the lowest salinity.

Answer 8

Polar.

Question 9

The ocean is salty because of eroded ______ from land and underwater ______.

Answer 9

Rocks and volcanoes.

Question 10

Water aside, the two most abundant elements in the oceans are ______ & ______.

Answer 10

Sodium, Chloride.

Question 11

A boundary that marks a significant shift in ocean salinity?

Answer 11

Halocline.

Question 12

Temperature and salinity of ocean water will result its overall _____?

Answer 12

Density.

Question 13

If the volume of ocean water stayed the same but its salinity increased, its density would_____?

Answer 13

Increase.

Question 14

This happens when ocean water turns from liquid to solid and leaves the salt behind ____?

Answer 14

Glaciation.

Question 15

What is the boundary that marks a significant shift in ocean temperatures?

Answer 15

Thermocline.

Question 16

If the temperature of ocean water increases and the amount of salt stayed the same, its density would_____?

Answer 16

Decrease.

Question 17

What is the process that brings nutrient-rich water from the depths to the surface?

Answer 17

Upwelling.

Question 18

What are deep ocean currents driven by?

Answer 18

Density.

Question 19

The amount of dissolved salts in the ocean water is?

Answer 19

Salinity.

Question 20

What are shallow ocean currents driven by?

Answer 20

Wind.

Question 21

The density of seawater changes due to changes in?

Answer 21

Temperature and salinity.

Question 22

What are three ways that will affect the salinity of Ocean Water?

Answer 22

Evaporation - High evaporation equals high salinity.
Freezing/glaciation - When ocean water freezes it leaves the salt behind meaning the ice will be freshwater and the ocean will be saltier.
Addition of freshwater- Rivers running into the ocean dilute the saltwater.

Question 23

What are gyres?

Answer 23

Gyres are large systems of circulating ocean currents caused by wind.

Question 24

What 3 gases are in the Ocean?

Answer 24

Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen.

Question 25

Why is the Ocean Salty?

Answer 25

Because of the rocks on land dissolving into water and carried by a river into the ocean, a very little bit of it comes from underwater volcanoes.

Question 26

How is salinity measured?

Answer 26

Measured in parts per thousands.

Question 27

What is the average ocean salinity?

Answer 27

35 ppt

Question 28

What is the density of pure water?

Answer 28

1 g/ml

Question 29

What is the density of Ocean water?

Answer 29

1.035 g/ml

Question 30

Will denser water rise or sink?

Answer 30

Sink.

Question 31

Will less dense water rise or sink?

Answer 31

Rise.

Question 32

Does warm water have a higher or lower density?

Answer 32

Lower.

Question 33

Does cold water have a higher or lower density?

Answer 33

Higher.

Question 34

Does higher salinity have a low or high density?

Answer 34

High.

Question 35

Does lower salinity have a high or low density?

Answer 35

Low.