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Bio 110 Exam 1 > Chap 3 Proteins, Carbs, And Lipids > Flashcards

Chap 3 Proteins, Carbs, And Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Mono macromolecules

A

Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Nucleic tide

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2
Q

Polymer macromolecule

A

Protein
Carbs
Nucleic acid

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3
Q

What characteristics of carbon ?

A

Four valence electrons
bond with a wide variety of other elements and function groups
Bonds are strong and stable

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4
Q

Carbon skeleton

A

Carbon chain it’s the backbone,
basic shape ,
framework

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5
Q

Functional group definition

A

Specific combinations of bonded atoms,

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6
Q

Functional group personality l

A

A molecule that shows characteristics set of physical and chemical properties regardless of the molecule of which is a part

  • the components of organic macromolecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions, they are the part of the molecule ( determine how reactive and where reactions occur)
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7
Q

The importance of functional groups

A

Each function group gives different and specific chemical properties to local site
( localized area will have their own personality)

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8
Q

Importance of functional group pt 2

A

Determine physical shapes
Type and strength of interaction
Determine nomenclature

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9
Q

Condensation

A

Produces water and consume energy

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10
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Hydrolysis takes water to break things down and energy is released

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11
Q

Protein and their functions

A

Enzymes = speeds up chemical reactions
Structural proteins= provides physical stability and movement
Signaling proteins= control physiological process

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12
Q

Proteins

A

Proteins are made from 20 amino acids

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13
Q

Amino acid

A

Amino acid bonds Together covalently in a condescending reaction by peptide linkages

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14
Q

Bond linkage

A

Bonds linkages either will be bond or linkage

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15
Q

Primary structure

A

Primary structure of a protein is a sequence of amino acids. This sequence determines the proteins final shape

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16
Q

Primary structure

A

Forms a a variety of loops, coils, and folded sheets

17
Q

1st structure of peptides

A

First structure of protein is held together by covalent bond

18
Q

Protein altered

A

Proteins can be altered by the ph,
High temp
High condensation
Non polar substance

( when bond is broken protein form is altered

19
Q

Protein bind

A

The biding depends on two general protein properties
Shape
Chemistry of exposed surface

20
Q

Protein shape

A

Protein shape can be altered as results of interaction with other molecules
And covalently modification

21
Q

Protein bind

A

Protein can bind to the wrong molecule

22
Q

Carbs

A

Formula c 1h2o1)n

23
Q

Four major biochemical roles

A

Sources of stored energy
Used to transport stored energy
Serves as carbon skeletons to be arranged to form new molecules
Structure support

24
Q

Carbs sugar names

A

Monosaccharides = one simple sugar
Disaccharides = two simple sugar
Polysaccharide = up to thousands of monosaccharides

(Most names for sugars end I ose

25
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Macromolecule, polymers some are branched
Starch stored energy for plants
Glycogen energy for animal
Cellulose very stable so good for structural components

26
Q

Carbs

A

Carbs cam be modified by the addition of functional groups to form

Sugar phosphate ( frees energy from glucose)
Amino sugar ( components of cartilages)
Chitin ( external skeleton of insects)

27
Q

3.4 lipids

A

Lipids not polymer
Made up from glycerol and three fatty acid

28
Q

Types of lipids

A

Fats and oils
Phospholipid
Carotenoids
Steroids
Animal fat
Lipid covering around nerve
Oil and wax on skin

29
Q

Definition of functional group

A

A specific combination of bonded atoms within a molecule

30
Q

How do membrane allow for function of cell ?

A

Transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell

31
Q

How does ph and temperature affect group function

A

If ph and temp altered then functional group will not do their job probably because thei not functioning at their optimal reaction rate

32
Q

How does aa sequence and functional group affect the structure of a protein

A

The amino acid sequence and functional group affect the structure of a protein if it is the primary structure. The primary structure of a protein causes the secondary, and tertiary structure to change as well. This changes the structure and function

Bio 110 Exam 1 (4 decks)

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