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Psychiatry > Anxiety disorders > Flashcards

Anxiety disorders Flashcards

1
Q

physical syx of anxiety disorders 5

A

sweating

chest pain

tremors

dizziness

irritabiltity

Nausea or diarrhoea

chills/hot flashes

chest pain

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2
Q

arrousal syx of anxiety disorders 3

A

sweating

dry mouth

difficulty swallowing

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3
Q

psychological syx of anxiety disorders

A

restlessess

sense of dread

feeling on edge

difficulty concentrating

easily distracted

fear of losing control/dying

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4
Q

define anxiety disorders

A

a preoccupation with or persistent avoidance of thoughts and situations that provoke fear or anxiety

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5
Q

incidence of anxiety disorders

A

at least 15 of adult population affected in UK at anytime

25/30% of GP consultations

more common than any other form of mental disorders

high comorbidity among different anxiety disorders
-high levels of comorbidity between anxiety and depression

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6
Q

social and demographic factors for anxiety disorders

A

3:2 ratio M:F

varies with income and educational attainment

can be triggered by life events either good or bad

major life event- trigger previously stable individual

minor life events- only in predisposed

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7
Q

aetiology of anxiety disorders 3

A

biological
-genetic

psycholgoical
-childhood factors
-vulernable personality

social
-lack of support

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8
Q

state some common anxiety disorders 6

A

specific phobias

generalised anxiety disorder

panic disorder

OCD

PTSD

somatoform and dissociative disorders

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9
Q

define specific phobias with regards to anxiety disorders

A

anxiety proboked by specific situations or objects which are perceived more dangerous then they actually are

have anticipatory anxiety and avoidance

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10
Q

when is tupical onset for specific phobias

A

usually in childhood

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11
Q

what are specific phobias commonly associated with anxiety disorders

A

panic attacks

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12
Q

how is the seriousness of specific phobias identtified

A

how easy the feared object is to avoid

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13
Q

main treatemnt for sepcific phobias

A

exposure therapy

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14
Q

what are the components of exposure therapy 4

A

1- phboic learning hisotry
-create new learning history

2-stimulus exposure> anxiety> relaxation> decreased anxiety

3-fear & avoidance hierarchy (FAH)

4- Subjective units of distress scale (SUDS)

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15
Q

define social phobia

A

shyness
-fear of performace failurue and fear of negative evaluation

common situations
-public speaking
-eating in public
-general social interactions

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16
Q

syx of social phobiaa

A

blushing

muscle twitching

anxity about scrutiny

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17
Q

when does social phobia typically begin

A

late adolesence early adulthood

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18
Q

what can be asssoicated with social phobias

A

can use alchol to boost ocnifence- so higher rates of alcohol misuse

-associated with avoidant personality traits

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19
Q

treatment for social phobias 3

A

treatment of choice- CBT

can use SSRIs and MAOIs

short term:
-benzos
-propanolol

20
Q

what does generalised anxiety disorder encompasses 2

A

free floating anxiety

often with:
-panic disorder

21
Q

clincal presentaiton of generalised anxiety disorder 4

A

anixety free floating
-not restricted to any circumstances

-irrational worries

motor tension

autonomic overactivity

22
Q

drug managemnt of generalised anxiety disorder 6

A

benzos

SSRIs

beta blockers

mirtazapine

venlafaxine

duloxetine

23
Q

nondrug management of generalised anxiety disorder 4

A

relaxation training

exposure therpay

CBT

physical excersise

24
Q

clinical presentaion of panic disorder 3

A

several severe attacks of autonomic anxiety within a month

fear of death/suffication

urgent desire to flee

25
Q

drug managemnt of panic disorder 1

A

SSRIs

benzos- not recommended

26
Q

nondrug mangemnt of panic disorder 3

A

CBT

anxiety mangement

relaxation training

27
Q

define agoraphobia

A

aniexty manifested by psychological and autonomic symptoms

anexity restricted to at least 2 of:
-crowds
-public places
-leaving home

28
Q

who gets agoraphobia 2

A

significants more women

early or middle 20s further peak mid 30s

29
Q

how gets panic disorders 3

A

slightly more women

bimodal peak-= late adolescene and mid 3-s

comobird w other mental disorders

30
Q

how does agoraphobia typicallty start 1

A

2/3 typically have a panic attack at start of illness

31
Q

treatement for agrophobia 4

A

SSRIs

anxiolytics

CBT

behaviour therapy

32
Q

define PTSD

A

delayed and protracted repsonse to a stressful event/situation of an exceptionally threatening or catastrophic nature

33
Q

when does PTSD typically begin

A

within 6 months of trauma

34
Q

syx of PTSD 2

A

episodes of repeated reliving of trauma in intrusive memories (flashbacks)

nightmares

35
Q

define OCD

A

obsessions
-recurrent intrusive thoughts, images, ruminations and impulses

compulsions
-ritualistic motor acts

36
Q

what is needed for an OCD diagnosis 2

A

must be ego-syntonic
-acknowledged as unreasonable or excessive
-there are attempts to resist

eexpereincs cause distress and/or interfere with activities of daily living

37
Q

treatment for OCD 3

A

CBT + ERP (exposure response protection)

SSRIs- high dose

clomipramine

*-often combined psychological and pharmacological approach

38
Q

syx of PTSD 3

A

numbness and emotional detachment

avoidance of aciritives or situations reminiscent of trauma

autonomic hyperarousal and hypervigiliance

39
Q

how can hyperarousal in PTSD manifest 4

A

persistent axiety

irritability

insomnia

poor concentration

40
Q

what can be associated with PTSD 3

A

aggressive behvaiours

substance misuse

deliberate self harm

41
Q

treatment for PTSD 4

A

CBT

EMDR- eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing

high dose SSRI

high dose TCA

42
Q

define a somatoform disorder

A

mental disorder characterised by physical syx
which cannot be explained by medical condition

symptoms are NOT consciously fabricated

43
Q

define dissociative disorders

A

breakdown in memory, awareness, identity and/or perceptions

44
Q

treatment for somatoform and dissociative disorders 3

A

difficult to treat

can resolve spontaneously over time or via psychotherapeutic input

medication usually unhelpful

45
Q

how are aneixty disorders differnt from normal experience

A

quantatively not qualitiveily differnt from normal experience

Psychiatry (21 decks)

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