Lecture 5: Plague Part 2 & Syphilis

Question 1

Herd immunity

Answer 1

herd immunity for mumps etc. require whole pop. to be vaccinated that’s hwy we see sporatic breakouts

vaccines dont work b/c they require herd immunity; Herd immunity only works when most of the pop is vaccinated.

Answer 2

reat Plague of London: either make pop work to help, or keep peeps away from getting infected.
London had houses back from streets so they’d be away from the waste in the streets, fun fact

Question 3

List the 4 humors

Answer 3

blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile

Answer 4

physicians and surgeons lanced buboes and bled black spots in attempts to cure plague victimes by releasing bad bodily humors

prohibited churches from keeping dead bodies on their premises during public assemblies or services

Question 5

What did Londons Privicy council do in May 1666?

Answer 5

issued new plague orders

• banned the burial of future plague victims in parish churches
• enforced the use of quicklime at designated burial sites
• strictly porhibited opening graves less than one year after internment as a safeguard against the spread of infection
• carriers of the dead had to identify themselves and could not mix with the public

Question 6

Why was quicklime used?

Answer 6

disinegrates body very quickly
very strong base

Question 7

When did the plague subside and how did it impact Lodnon?

Answer 7

feb 1666 it had run its course

died out during the great fire that same year and never returned

central parts of london were rebuilt with wider streets to relieve crowding and better sewage systems to improve sanitation

Question 8

Mortality rate of plague

Answer 8

14%(1 in 7) of all plague cases in the USA are fatal’

USA has an avg of 15 to 30 persons each year

globally the WHO reports 1000 to 3000 cases of plague every year

Question 9

Where have plague cases been reported in the world?

Answer 9

everywhere but australia

Question 10

What’ s the treatment for plague?

Answer 10

microscopic examination of the lymph gland blood and septum samples

streptomycin is an antibiotic of choice

gentamicin is used when streptomycin is not available

tetracycline and chloramphenicol are also effective

vaccine is not protective against aerosol in animal studies

can also use rodent control, using gas to kill (protecting food)

Question 11

Why are “about 14% of all plague cases in the USA fatal”?

Answer 11

don’t find plague early enough to treat it soon enough

Question 12

pnenmonic plague

Answer 12

the most severe form of the diseas and death occurs in approx half the cases

Question 13

How did plague change society?

Answer 13

Great Fire of london changed how streets were made
- made us more clean which means less plague

Question 14

Why look at social history?

Answer 14

• diseases cause changes in society
• social mores are modified or abnadoned in repsonse to a disease which results from a particluar societal practicel; sexual revolution during this time we realized we were passing on disease with sex
• hard science lacks societal focus
• the scientific field is seperated from the societal miliew in which research is conducted
• its interesting to see how certain disease have influenced or altered the spirt of the times
• ex; with COVID we are still wwearing masks at uni society is ,oving forward with it but science doesn’t deem it nessecary