compares fossils fuels and bio fuels(1.2)

Question 1

energy content

Answer 1

• energy content is the chemical energy of a substance

Question 2

what happens to chemical energy when fuels are used

Answer 2

chemical energy is converted to a different of energy when fuels are used

Question 3

energy transformation

Answer 3

• the total amount of energy is unchanged beavuse enegry can not be created or destroyed . however the all energy is not converted to one specific form.

Question 4

energy efficiency

Answer 4

• used to describe the percentage of enegry from a source that is convered to useful energy

Question 5

electricity production

Answer 5

• chemical energy is harnessed through combustion of fuels
• reactants combine with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. thermal energy is released from the combustion of fuels which can then be converted into electrical energy

Question 6

fuel for transport

Answer 6

• crude oil is the most used source for transoprt.
• as through fractional distillation, LPG, petrol, Petro diesel and kerosene are produced

Question 7

petrol

Answer 7

• mixture of hydrocarbons including octane. (combustion to get energy)

Question 8

LPG

Answer 8

• liquid petroleum gas
• can be used in cards for fuel
• propane for combustion
  -cheap, may blow if car crash

Question 9

ethanol

Answer 9

• ethanol can be blended with petrol to create e10 (10% ethanol)
• the presence of ethanol reduces the emissions of particulates and gases such as oxides of nitrogen, but higher levels of ethanol can damage engines
• a larger mass of ethanol is required to provide the same amount of energy, ethanol has a lowe energy content due to the presence oc oxygen in ethanol

Question 10

pros and cons of biofuels

Answer 10

PROS:
-renewable
- relatively carbon neutral
-burn more cleanly than fossil fuels, less harmful chemicals released
- easy to source material used for production, can be produced from crop waste
CONS:
- lower energy content than fossil fuels
- can be complicated and costly to produce
-can require large amounts of water to grow crops

Question 11

pros and cons of fossil fuels

Answer 11

PROS:
- high energy content
-easy to release energy from
-relatively easy to obtain
- extensive existing infrastructure
CONS:
- non renewable
- emits large amounts of CO2, a potent green house gas
- release other toxic chemicals ,e.g. nitrogen and sulfur oxide
- extraction extremely damaging to the environment