Taste and Smell

Question 1

What is taste and smell also called?

Answer 1

Emotional senses
Chemical sensed
- Smell has a big impact on our lifes
- They are intertwined
Flavour

Question 2

What can effect smell?

Answer 2

• Illnesses
• Age
• Important for Quality of Life and Survival
  Bitter vs Sweet

Question 3

Ortho-nasal olfaction

Answer 3

When we sniff

Question 4

Retro-nasal olfaction

Answer 4

When we swallow

Question 5

What are other words for smell and taste?

Answer 5

• Olfaction
• Gustation

Question 6

Odor

Answer 6

A smell or scent
- The translation of a chemical stimulus into the sensation of an odor percept

Question 7

Odorant

Answer 7

• A spevific molecule thats degined by its physical and chemical characterstics and that can be translated by the nervous system into perception of a smell

Question 8

Olfactory system

Answer 8

Odor molecules bind to olfactory receptors, signals are then sent to olfactoru buld
- Limbic system
- Smell is subjective

Question 9

What are pheromones?

Answer 9

Chemical substances in natural body odor
- Little evidence on how it influence our behavour, compared to animals
- Menstrual synchrony
- Not unified definition
- Attractiviness
Perfumes

Question 10

How many tastes are we sensitive to?

Answer 10

At least 5
Sweet, sour, unami, bitter and salt

Question 11

Is the taste receptors divided on the tongue?

Answer 11

No, but certain areas are more specialized.
- Taste can be perceived in other places than just the tongue

Question 12

What happens with olfactory sensitivity when other sebses are deprived?

Answer 12

It increases

Question 13

Distaste

Answer 13

Food rejection by unpleasant taste, especially bitter
- System response
- Involuntary

Question 14

Disgust

Answer 14

For bad taste or food
- Individual differences and subjective
- Differemt types of disgust, not limited to food or smell
- Emotional response
- Context matters

Question 15

How can context influence smell?

Answer 15

• Similar smell but different context make it good vs bad
  Different perceptual interpretations
• Research with visual context
  Colors affect perceived intensity of odor
  Visual(showing a picture)or verbal priming
• Ambiguous odors

Question 16

Verbal Priming

Answer 16

What we hear influence how we perceive the taste

Question 17

First Label effect

Answer 17

First given label influences subsequent responding to the same odor

Question 18

Olfactory Illusions

Answer 18

Perception of odorant depends on the verbal label given to it
- Not all odors equally suscpectible

Question 19

What are some factors that affect olfactory illusions?

Answer 19

• The order of presentation of certain labels
• The degree of anchoring the odor with the label
  Top-down and memory
• Cultural factors