2.3 Structural Geology

Question 1

Deformation

Answer 1

A general term that refers to all changes in the shape or position of a rock body in response to stress

Question 2

Confining Pressure

Answer 2

Stress applied uniformly in all directions

Question 3

Differential stress

Answer 3

Stress applied unequally in different directions

Question 4

Strain

Answer 4

The change in shape of a rock caused by differential stress

Question 5

Brittle

Answer 5

Means break

Question 6

Ductile

Answer 6

Means bend

Question 7

Types of discontinuities

Answer 7

Faults and Joints

Question 8

Fault

Answer 8

Fractures along which the opposing rock faces have undergone relative displacement in direction parallel to the fracture surface.

Question 9

Joints

Answer 9

Fractures that show no visible displacement parallel to their walls

Question 10

What is strike and dip and why do we need it?

Answer 10

Strike: A line formed by the intersection of a horizontal plane and an inclined surface (expressed as an angle relative to the north).
Dip: The angle between that horizontal plane and the inclined surface.
Used to cleary define the parameters that we will use to characterize the orientation of strata that we observe in the field.