5.1 - Stresses in soils and rocks Flashcards
Total Stress
The total force per unit area acting within a soil or rock mass
Pore Pressure
Stress transmitted through the pore water, or water filling the voids of the soil or rock mass.
Hydraulic (total) head
The level water will rise in a well and represents the energy ‘potential’ in a unit of length.
Pressure head
The height to which the water rises above the screened interval.
Elevation head
Effective Stress
The average normal force per unit area transmitted from grain to grain in a soil or rock mass. It is the stress that is effective in mobilizing internal friction
Hydrostatic
If seepage is not occuring, and only gravitational forces are acting on the pore water. (Special condition where the total head, h, is equal to the water table.
Water table
Soil above the water table is dry and water below is saturated.
What is a piezometer and how do they help us determine, pore pressure, hydraulic head, elevation head, and pressure head.
An instrument for measuring the pressure of a liquid or gas, or something related to pressure. Piezometers are often placed in boreholes to monitor the pressure or depth of groundwater.
The difference between total stress and effective stress.
The flow of surface water and groundwater is driven by differences in?
Potential energy
Types of Piezometers?
- Standpipe
- Vibrating wire
- Pneumatic
- Titanium
