Endocrine disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What does thyroid hormone (produced from the thyroid gland) consist of?

A

T3-tri-iodo-thyronine
T4- thyroxine

T4 is most commonly produced by T3 is the active form
activation usually occurs in the peripheral tissues

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2
Q

What effects can hypo/hyperthyroidism have on levels of TSH and T3/T4? (using HPG axis) watch video in lecture for explanation

A

Primary hypothyroidism- T3/T4 is low, TSH is high (no negative feedback to tell TSH production to regulate)
secondary hypothyroidism- T3/T4 is low, TSH is low
primary hyperthyroidism- T3/T4 is high, TSH is low
secondary hyperthyroidism - T3/T4 is high, TSH is high

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3
Q

What do the adrenal glands sit on top of?

A

The kidneys

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4
Q

What 3 sections is the cortex split into and what is secreted from each section?

A

zona glomerulosa- secretes mineralocorticoids ie aldosterone
zona fasciculata- secretes glucocorticoids ie cortisol
zona reticularis- secretes adrenal androgens

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5
Q

What are some examples of disorders of adrenocortical function?

A

excess cortisol- Cushing’s syndrome
excess aldosterone- Conn’s syndrome
hypercortisolism
lack of aldosterone and cortisol- Addisons

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6
Q

What is aldosterone secretion activated/regulated by?

A

RAAS
Increased Plasma potassium conc
RAAS is activated by:
1.reduced renal perfusion
2. increased sympathetic activity
both re interpreted as a fall in blood volume

excess aldosterone = leads to hypertension

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