Chapter 6

Question 1

What is the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 1

The network of nerve fibres that connect the central nervous system to all the other organs of the body

Question 2

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 2

The system of glands located throughout the body that help control important activities such as growth and sexual activity

Question 3

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 3

The nerve fibres of the autonomic nervous system that quicken the heartbeat and produce other changes experienced as arousal

Question 4

What is the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 4

The nerve fibres of the autonomic nervous system that help return bodily processes to normal

Question 5

What is the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis?

Answer 5

One route by which the brain and body produce arousal

Question 6

What are corticosteriods?

Answer 6

Hormones, including cortisol, released by the adrenal glands at times of stress

Question 7

What is acute stress disorder?

Answer 7

A disorder in which a person experiences fear and related symptoms soon after a trauma but for less than a month

Question 8

What is post traumatic stress disorder?

Answer 8

A disorder in which a person experiences fear and related symptoms long after a traumatic event

Question 9

What is torture?

Answer 9

The use of brutal, degrading, and disorienting strategies to reduce victims to a state of utter helplessness

Question 10

What is resilience?

Answer 10

The process of adapting well in the face of adversity

Question 11

What is prolonged exposure?

Answer 11

A treatment approach in which clients confront not only trauma-related objects and situations but also their painful memories of traumatic experiences

Question 12

What is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

Answer 12

An exposure treatment in which clients move their eyes in a rhythmic manner from side to side while flooding their minds with images of objects and situations they ordinarily avoid

Question 13

What is psychological debriefing?

Answer 13

A form of crisis intervention in which victims are helped to talk about thier feelings and reactions to traumatic incidents. Also called critical incident stress debriefing

Question 14

What is psychological first aid?

Answer 14

A disaster response intervention that seeks to reduce the intitial distress of victims and foster their adaptive functioning, but without procedures that may be premature, intrusive, or inflexible

Question 15

What is dissociative disorder?

Answer 15

Disorders marked by major changes in memory that do not have clear physical causes

Question 16

What is memory?

Answer 16

The faculty for recalling past events and past learning

Question 17

What is dissociative amnesia?

Answer 17

A disorder marked by an inability to recall important personal events and information

Question 18

What is dissociative fugue?

Answer 18

A form of dissociative amnesia in which people travel to a new location and may assume a new identity, simultaneously forgetting their past

Question 19

What is dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 19

A dissociative disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct personalities - also known as multiple personality disorder

Question 20

What are subpersonalities?

Answer 20

The two or more distinct personalities found in individuals suffering with dissociative identity disorder - also known as alternate personalities

Question 21

What is state-dependent learning?

Answer 21

Learning that becomes associated with the conditions under which it occurred, so that it is best remembered under the same conditions

Question 22

What is self-hypnosis?

Answer 22

The process of hypnotizing oneself, sometimes for the purpose of forgetting unpleasant events

Question 23

What is hypnotic therapy?

Answer 23

A treatment in which the patient undergoes hypnosis and is then guided to recall forgotten events or perform other therapeutic activities. Also known as hypnotherapy

Question 24

What is fusion?

Answer 24

The final merging of two or more subpersonalities in dissociative identity disorder