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Anatomy and Physiology > LAB Practical 1 > Flashcards

LAB Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

simple squamos epithelium

A

one layer, flat and thin, secretes the lubricating substances and located in the the lining of the heart and air sacs on the lungs

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2
Q

simple cuboidal epithelium

A

cube shape, one layer
secretion, surface of ovaries

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3
Q

simple columnar epithelium

A

one layer, column shape, secretion of mucus, uterus

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4
Q

psedostratified columnar epithelium

A

column shape, one layer (nucleus can make it look multi-layered)
secretion, sperm carrying ducts

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5
Q

stratified squamos epithelium

A

mulitple layers, lokoks like a scale, flat
protection
lining of mouth and vagina

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6
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

multiple layers, cells look like cubes
protection
mammary and salivary glands

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7
Q

stratified columnar epithelium

A

multiple layers, colums (basal layer looks more cuboidal)
protection
male urethra

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8
Q

transitional epithelium

A

surface cells in a dome shape, looks like stratified cuboidla and stratified squamous
stretched readily and permitts distention of urinary orgns
urinary bladder

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9
Q

connective tissue proper: loos areolar

A

not firnly compacted (has all three fibers) (looks like hair)
wraps and cushions organs
found around organs

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10
Q

connective tissue proper: loose-adipose

A

looks like cavities, large fat droplets
supports and protects
breast

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11
Q

connective tissue proper: dense-regular

A

wave like structure
withstands stress
ligaments

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12
Q

connective tissue proper: dense-irregular

A

zebra like patterm (beef)
withstands stress and tension
dermis of skin

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13
Q

connective tissue dense-elastic

A

wave like, very dark, condensed
allows recoil of tissues
within ligaments and walls of large arteries

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14
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

lacunae (network is invisible)
resists stress
nose cartilage

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15
Q

elastic cartilage

A

lacunae, more obvious network, stones
maintains shape
external ear

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16
Q

fibrocartilage

A

thick fibrous, nucleus not stained
shock absorption
intevertebral discs

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17
Q

comapct bones

A

concentric circles
supports and protects
bones

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18
Q

connective tissue proper loose-reticular

A

bark like
forms soft internal skeleton
found in bone marrow

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19
Q

blood

A

red blood cells
transport respiratory gas, waste, nutrients
bloos vessels

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20
Q

smooth muscle

A

uninucleate, no striations, spindle like
involuntary control
walls of hollow organs

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21
Q

skeletal muscle

A

multinucleate, parallel to one another, striations
voluntary movement
skeletal muscles attached to the bones or skin

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22
Q

cardiac muscle

A

uninucleate, interdigitate and intercalcated disks, striations, branched
involuntary control
walls of heart

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23
Q

nervous tissue

A

spiky shape, short projections and long projections (webbing)
neurons conduct waves and glial support, protect, and insulate
brain, spinal cord, nerves

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24
Q

mesenchyme

A

where all cells are derived from

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25
Q

collagen fibers

A

white, mos abundant

26
Q

elastic fibers

A

yellow

27
Q

reticular fibers

A

fine collagen

28
Q

papillary layer

A

most superifical region of the dermis layer, the syrface froms dermal ridges which forms impressions on the epidermal surface called epidermal ridges, contains tactile corpsucles

29
Q

reticular layer

A

deep layer, composed on dense irregular CT, has cleavage lines

30
Q

tactile epithelial cells

A

touch receptors in the epidermal-dermis junction

31
Q

tactile corpsucles

A

papillary layer of dermis

32
Q

root hair plexus

A

wrapped around base of hair follicle, simulated when hair bends

33
Q

lamellar corpuscles

A

reticular layer, responds to deep pressure

34
Q

keratinocytes

A

most abundant epidermal cells, produces a protein called keratin

35
Q

melanocytes

A

produces pigment called melanin, protects from UV rays

36
Q

dendritic cells

A

key role in immune response

37
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

coiled tubular multicellular exocrine glands

38
Q

eccrine sweat gland

A

water, salt, and urea, part of the body regulating system, secretes sweat when external temp or body temp is high

39
Q

apocrine sweat gland

A

secretes viscous, yelllowish fluid onto hair follicles, associated with body odor, stimulated by sex hormones

40
Q

blackheads

A

popped whiteheads that resulted in oxidation

41
Q

acne

A

active infection of sebaceous glands

42
Q

merocrine

A

exocytosed into a duct lines with epithelial cells and then into bodily surfaces, no cellular components

43
Q

holocrine

A

secretions are produced in the cytoplasm and released by cell lysis, secreting cell destroyed in process

44
Q

whiteheads

A

sebum accumulated in the ducts of the sebaceous glands

45
Q

ceruminous glands

A

specialized apocrine glands, in external ear canal, secrete ear wax

46
Q

mammary

A

specialized aprocrine sweat glands, located in breasts, secretes milk

47
Q

arector pili muscles

A

attached to hair follicles

48
Q

nail matrix

A

nail growth

49
Q

hair shaft

A

projecting from skin

50
Q

hair root

A

enclosed in follicle

51
Q

hair bulb

A

epithelial cells at base of follicle

52
Q

stratum basale

A

deep, has melanocyes, keratinocytes, tectile epithelial cells

53
Q

stratum spinosum

A

several layers, contains tonofilaments, contains epidermal dendritic cells

54
Q

stratum granulosum

A

3-5 layers, lamellated granules (lipids make waterproof), keratohyaline granules (keratin makes it tough)

55
Q

stratum lucidum

A

translucent layer, palms and soles (thick skin)

56
Q

stratum corneum

A

superficial, 20-30 layers od dead cells, replaced every 3-4 weeks

57
Q

muscle and ligament attachment sites

A

tuberosity, crest, trochanter, line, tubercle, epicondyle, spine, process

58
Q

joints

A

head, facet, condyle, ramus

59
Q

opening for passage of blood vessels and nerve

A

groove, fissure, formamen, notch

60
Q

others

A

meatus, sinus, fossa

Anatomy and Physiology (4 decks)

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