Interactions in environment

Question 1

What does interaction do in ecosystem?

Answer 1

Increases the chance of survival of organisms

Question 2

define predation

Answer 2

Feeding interaction where one individual (predator) hunts/kills/eats another organism(prey)

Question 3

explain what limiting factor the predator prey relationship is

Answer 3

Density dependent as predator rely on prey but prey numbers control predators
high prey=high predation
low prey=low food= less predators and predation

Question 4

why is there delay in predator prey relationship?

Answer 4

As prey numbers fluctuate so does predator numbers AFTER but with a lag or delay as predator will take time to react to the effect.

Question 5

define competition

Answer 5

two or more organisms from same or different species living in the same habitat competing for the same natural resource

Question 6

Intraspecific vs Interspecific(how) competition?

Answer 6

intra- competition between organisms of same species (intense)
inter- competition or organisms of different species
inter as pop size increase, habitats overlap and more interaction for same resources

Question 7

explain what limiting factor competition is

Answer 7

density dependent as population increase, resources decrease- competition increase

Question 8

define competitive exclusion and explain it?

Answer 8

two organisms of different species cannot use the same resources in the same ecological niche and coexist indefinitely.

one organism better adapted to survive in environment, outcompete other, other extinct or emigration

Question 9

define resource partitioning

Answer 9

different competing species living in the same habitat but use different resources or same in different way. Coexist

Question 10

Give 3 types of resource partitioning

Answer 10

different times
different part of resource
different habitat

Question 11

Explain 2 examples of resource partitioning

Answer 11

stratification- different trees of evolve to live at different light intensities and water needs. layer
large predators- predators use prey on different prey at different times to coexist.

Question 12

Define symbiosis

Answer 12

relationship between organisms of two different species that are interdependent

Question 13

what is mutualism

Answer 13

both benefit

Question 14

explain relationship of lichen and algae

Answer 14

lichen doesn’t have chlorophyll and cant photosynthesize. algae has chlorophyll. live together and lichen traps moisture for air and algae can use air to photosynthesize and provide lichen with food.

Question 15

define commensalism and give example

Answer 15

one benefit, other not affected or unharmed
egrets are birds that get transport from cattle, and cattle disturb ground giving insects to birds to eat

Question 16

define parasitism

Answer 16

one benefit, other harmed

Question 17

2 types of plant and animal parasites

Answer 17

endoparasites - inside body host such as tape worm
ectoparasites- on outer host body such as tick

holophrastic- cannot photosynthesize and fully dependent on host
hemiparasite- can photosynthesize and semi dependent

Question 18

explain the dodder

Answer 18

dodder parasite has haustoria(root like outgrowths) and long thin stems around trees and penetrate vascular to suck nutrients etc…