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CSON IM1 > sleep > Flashcards

sleep Flashcards

1
Q

sleep is; -5

A

~physiological process
~ body rest cycle
~associated with recumbency and immobility
~lacks conscious awareness but easily awakens
~essential for healthy functioning and survival

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2
Q

sleep disturbance

A

conditions of poor sleep quality

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3
Q

sleep disorders

A

Abnormalities unique to sleep

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4
Q

sleep-wake cycle

A

controlled by the brain, wake behavior

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5
Q

reticular activating system (RAS)

A

sensory stimuli within the cerebral cortex, regulates sleep-wake cycle

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6
Q

orexin

A

keeps you awake

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7
Q

four functions of RAS

A

~motor
~sensory
~visceral
~consciousness

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8
Q

the circadian rhythm is managed by the __________ in the ____________

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), hypothalamus

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9
Q

SCN is synchronized through __________ in the _____________

A

light detectors, retina

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10
Q

sleep latency

A

starts when eyes are closed for sleep and ends when non-rem sleep is entered

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11
Q

NREM sleep

A

75%-80% of sleep time, three stages

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12
Q

stage one of NREM

A

slow eye movements

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13
Q

stage two of NREM

A

HR and temperature decrease

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14
Q

stage three of NREM

A

deep or slow wave sleep, delta waves, parasomnias

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15
Q

parasomnias

A

Unusual and often undesirable behaviors while falling sleep, transitioning between sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep, due to CNS activation

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16
Q

different parasomnias -5

A

~sleepwalking
~sleep terrors
~nightmares
~sleep paralysis
~sleep hallucinations

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17
Q

REM sleep -4

A

~20-25% of sleep cycle
~occurs 3 to 4 times a night
~greatly reduced skeletal muscle tone
~period when most vivid dreaming occurs

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18
Q

middle age and sleep -4

A

~more stage shifts
~resistant to sleep deprivation
~increased awakenings
~changes in sleep efficiency

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19
Q

older age and sleep

A

go to bed earlier and arise earlier

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20
Q

sleep disturbances in the hospital -3

A

~environmental sleep-disruptive factors
~psychoactive medications
~acute and critical illness

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21
Q

insomnia symptoms -4

A

~difficulty falling asleep
~difficulty staying asleep
~waking up too early
~complaints of waking up feeling unrefreshed

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22
Q

acute insomnia

A

difficulty falling asleep or remaining asleep for at least three nights a week for less than a month

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23
Q

chronic insomnia

A

same symptoms as acute, daytime symptoms that persist for one month or longer

24
Q

chronic insomnia etiology -4

A

~often no known cause
~stressful life event
~psychiatric illness or medical condition
~medications or substance abuse

25
Q

Insomnia diagnosis -3

A

~self-report
~actigraphy
~polysomonography

26
Q

actigraphy

A

watch like device worn on the wrist that can determine sleep and wake period over a 14 day period

27
Q

insomnia causes -7

A

~psychiatric
~medical illness, medication
~stress
~substances
~excercise
~age, gender
~travel

28
Q

insomnia treatment -3

A

~begin with least invasive
~cognitive behavioral therapy
~counseling

29
Q

sedative-hypnotic drugs -4

A

~drugs that depress CNS function
~primarily used to treat anxiety and insomnia
~antianxiety agents or anxiolytics
~distinction between antianxiety effects and hypnotic effects depends on dosage

30
Q

Benzodiazepines -5

A

~used to treat anxiety and insomnia
~used to induce general anesthesia
~used to manage seizure disorders, muscle spasms, panic disorder, and alcohol withdrawal
~potential for abuse
~can produce physical dependence

31
Q

insomnia nursing assessment -5

A

~ sleep history
~ assess diet, caffeine, and alcohol intake
~ ask about sleep aids
~sleep diary for two weeks
~medical factors that affect sleep

32
Q

insomnia nursing diagnosis -3

A

~sleep deprivation
~disturbed sleep pattern
~readiness for enhanced sleep

33
Q

insomnia nursing implementation -2

A

~assume primary role in teaching sleep hygiene
~teach patient about sleep medications

34
Q

sleep hygiene -4

A

~decrease caffeine intake
~bedtime routine
~decreased blue light before bedtime
~reduce light and noise

35
Q

complications in respiratory and sleep problems can result in -5

A

~hypertension
~cardiac changes
~poor concentration
~impotence
~depression

36
Q

apnea is

A

cessation of spontaneous respirations for longer than 10 seconds

37
Q

apnea obstructions may last form ___ to ___ seconds

A

10 to 90

38
Q

clinical signs and symptoms of sleep apnea -7

A

~frequent arousal during sleep
~insomnia
~excessive daytime sleepiness
~witnessed apneic episodes
~loud snoring
~morning headaches
~irritability

39
Q

risk factors of sleep apnea -6

A

~obesity
~over the age of 65
~neck circumference >17 in.
~craniofacial abnormalities that affect the upper airway
~smokers
~more common in men than women before menopause

40
Q

polysomnography

A

sleep study

41
Q

mild sleep apnea treatment -5

A

~sleeping on ones side
~elevating head of bed
~avoiding sedatives 3-4 hours before sleep
~weight loss
~oral appliance

42
Q

severe sleep apnea treatment -3

A

~CPAP {possible compliance issues}
~BiPAP
~Surgery {UPPP or GAHM}

43
Q

sleep apnea patient teaching -7

A

~explain benefits of losing weight
~explain benefits of sleeping on side
~explain need to avoid sedatives
~stress reduction
~stress importance of exercise
~avoid smoking
~self imagine disturbance

44
Q

sleep apnea discharge planning -3

A

~case manager {need for equipment}
~nutritional consult
~spiritual consult

45
Q

sleep apnea nursing diagnosis -4

A

~anxiety
~insomnia
~imbalenced nutrition
~knowledge deficit

46
Q

narcolepsy -3

A

~brain unable to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally
~causes uncontrollable urges to sleep, often go directly into REM sleep
~unknown cause

47
Q

two types of narcolepsy

A

type one: with cataplexy
type two: without cataplexy

48
Q

symptoms of narcolepsy -3

A

~sleep paralysis
~cataplexy
~fragmented nighttime sleep

49
Q

narcolepsy nursing management -5

A

~teach about sleep and sleep hygiene
~take naps
~avoid heavy meals and alcohol
~ensure patient safety
~lifestyle changes

50
Q

narcolepsy drug therapy

A

wake-promotion drugs {modafinil and armodafinil}

51
Q

older age is associated with… -4

A

~overall shorter total sleep time
~decrease sleep efficiency
~more awakenings
~insomnia symptoms

52
Q

nurse fatigue -3

A

~inadequate sleep
~extended work hours
~increased risk for errors

53
Q

nurse fatigue management -5

A

~take at least one break in addition to lunch break
~use caffeine therapeutically
~nutrition of complex carbs and protein
~exercise
~don’t drink alcohol

54
Q

shift work sleep disorder -2

A

~insomnia
~excessive sleepiness

55
Q

sleep is; -5

A

~physiological process
~ body rest cycle
~associated with recumbency and immobility
~lacks conscious awareness but easily awakens
~essential for healthy functioning and survival

CSON IM1 (28 decks)

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