animal diseases Flashcards
describe TB
Tuberculosis - bacterial disease, affects cows, badgers deers. destroys lung tissue increasing susceptibility to secondary infection due to suppressed immune system. curable with antibiotics and preventable by improved living conditions.
give another bacterial disease
bacteria meningitis. affects the meninges in the brain which form a protective surface of the brain membrane/surface. this can spread to the rest of the body causing blood poisoning. can cause death, can be cured by antibiotics if caught early enough. vaccines can protect against some forms.
give two fungal diseases
athletes foot (grows and digests the warm moist skin between toes causes itching and soreness - anti fungal crime is effective treatment).
ring worms (in cows, dogs and humans, causes grey-white crusty areas of skin, may look unsightly and be itchy - anti fungal cream will treat).
describe HIV/AIDS
AIDS is caused by HIV. an immunodeficient virus (retrovirus RNA - is genetic material - contains enzyme reverse transcriptase which can transcribe RNA into DNA and insert it into the host cell and interacts with genetic material) targets T helper cells and suppressed the immune system. it is caused by the exchange of bodily fluids ie sharing needles, vigour’s sex that draws blood. the immune system is eventually destroyed and the patient is left open to secondary infections. there is no cure or vaccine but anti-retroviral drugs can help slow down the progression of the disease.
describe influenza
it is a viral disease of the ciliated epithelial cells in the lungs. kills them increasing chance of secondary infection. can be fatal in young, old or vulnerable individuals. every year flu mutates slightly so you can gain some immunity from year to year. there is no cure but vulnerable groups have the flu jab.
what is the proticista disease
malaria carried by female mosquitoes. invades the RBC, liver and brain. increases vulnerability to other infections. no cure or vaccine but prevention methods such as mosquito nets, insecticides and long sleeve clothing are effective.
