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SA PASS > 22 - Health Improvement > Flashcards

22 - Health Improvement Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three domains of public health?

A
  • Health Improvement
  • Health protection
  • Healthcare public health
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2
Q

What is the ‘left shift’ in population health?

A

Population strategies

shifting the whole population into a lower risk category benefits more individuals that shifting high risk individuals into a lower risk category as there are smaller numbers of them

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3
Q

What is the virtuous cycle of public health?

A

A complex chains of events that reinforce themselves through a feedback loop

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4
Q

What are the requirements for heath improvement?

A
  • Resources
  • Skills
  • System Level Working (working together)
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5
Q

How can we understand health needs on a population level?

A
  • Research
  • Routine Data
  • Health Needs Assessment
  • Health equity audit
  • Service improvement and evaluation
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6
Q

What is a logic model?

A

Logic models identify, describe and arrange the critical aspects of an intervention to represent how the intervention produces change

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7
Q

Give an example of an actual logic model used in the NHS.

A
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8
Q

What are some primordial and primary preventions for smoking?

A
  • Laws
  • Cost
  • Packaging
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9
Q

What are some secondary preventions for smoking-related disease?

A
  • Ask, Advice, Ask
  • Screening
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10
Q

What are some population level screening programmes in the NHS?

A
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11
Q

What are some issues with evaluating the impact of health improvement initiatives?

A
  • Might not predict certain outcomes so won’t measure them
  • Some changes might take a long time to see
  • Can be difficult to replicate findings from research studies into real world setting
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12
Q

What is lead time bias?

A
  • Early diagnosis falsely appears to prolong survival
  • Patients live same length of time but longer knowing they have the disease
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13
Q

What is length time bias?

A
  • Screening programmes better at pick up slow growing less aggressive cases
  • Diseases detectable through screening are more likely to have favourable diagnosis
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14
Q

What is social prescribing?

A
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15
Q

Who is often targeted in social prescribing?

A
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16
Q

What are some services available on social prescribing?

A
  • Sports clubs
  • Volunteering
  • Religious groups
  • Parks and outdoor spaces
  • Community groups
17
Q

What are the benefits of social prescribing?

A
  • More holistic care
  • Less GP appointments needed
  • Clinicians can focus on medical issues
  • More cost effective for GP practices
  • Increases GP links with community services
18
Q

What is the process of social prescribing?

A
19
Q

What are some social presriptions for social isolation?

A
20
Q

levels of intervention and examples

A
21
Q

types of transmission

A
22
Q

types of prevention

A
23
Q

what is the definition of public health

A

the science and art of promoting and protecting health and wellbeing, preventing ill-health and prolonging life through the organised efforts of society

24
Q

definition of population health

A

It is about improving the physical and mental health outcomes and wellbeing of people, whilst reducing health inequalities within and across a defined population

25
Q

what is behaviour change

A

is a change in the behaviour of an individual or group

26
Q

how can a behaviour change method be effective

A

1) It must target a determinant that

  • predicts behaviour*
    2) It must be able to change that

behaviour
3) It must be translated into a practical

application that preserves the parameters for effectiveness and fits with the target population, culture and context

27
Q

what are the five waves of public health

A
28
Q

what are some behaviour change interventions

A
29
Q

give some examples of each of the behaviour change interventions

A
30
Q

define making every contact count

A

Making Every Contact Count is about altering how we interact with people through learning how to recognise opportunities to talk to people about their wellbeing.

31
Q

what is MECC

A
32
Q

what is the pyramid of behaviour change

A
33
Q

give further examples of each level in the pyramid of behaviour change

A
34
Q

impact of making every contact count

A

• Builds competence and confidence to support people.

  • Promotes a person-centred approach.
  • Supports self-management.
  • Enables peer support and encourages staff wellbeing.
  • Development of transferrable skills to drive quality.
  • Promotes a solutions focused approach.
  • Encourages a coaching culture.
  • Develops skills in communication.
  • Recognise collective role in prevention.

SA PASS (9 decks)

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