Neurology workshop content

Question 1

What type of neurone is this?

Answer 1

Bipolar

Question 2

What type of neurone is this?

Answer 2

Unipolar

Question 3

What type of neurone is this?

Answer 3

Multipolar

Question 4

Where are bipolar neurons found?

Answer 4

In the retina

Question 5

Where are pseudounipolar neurons found?

Answer 5

Sensory neurons

Question 6

Where are unipolar neurons found?

Answer 6

Motor neurons

Question 7

Where are mutlipolar neurons found?

Answer 7

The CNS, may be refered to as purkinje cells.

Question 8

What is important to remember about the structure of the rami into the sympathetic chain ganglion in relation to have axons enter and leave it?

Answer 8

Loop the loop
They travel in through the white rami then leave the sympathetic ganglion through the grey rami
However, note that the grey rami is closer to the spinal cord.

Question 9

What is important to remember in reflexes regarding nerve type?

Answer 9

After spinal nerve into the dorsal and ventral rami there are both sensory and motor innervation
when moving a muscle sensory innervation of the muscle (not just the stimuli) is also required in order to know where that muscle is, hence where it is being moved from.

Question 10

What is the function of intrafusal muscle fibres?

Answer 10

Gather sensory information on the length and tension within the muscles
Aid proprioception

Question 11

What are the consequences of an upper motor neuron lesion?

Answer 11

Slight decrease in muscle mass
Decrease in muscle power
Hyperreflexia
Hypertonia

Question 12

What is the difference between muscle power and muscle tone?

Answer 12

Muscle power is the ability of a muscle to contract to exert a force on response to assistance
Muscle tone is the tension in the muscle at rest.
Loose co-ordination and sensation below injury.

Question 13

What are the consequences of a lower motor neuron lesion?

Answer 13

Severe muscle wasting
severe loss in muscle power
Hyporeflexia
Hypotonic or flacid
Loose co-ordination and sensation below point of injury

Question 14

What is the difference between communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus?

Answer 14

Communicating - defective arachnoid granulations, problem outside the ventricles, causes cerebral atrophy
Non-communicating - problems in between the ventricles, e.g tumout blocking the cerebral acqueduct.