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at 202 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

advantages of split bus system

A

one entire bus can fail with other systems operating normally

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2
Q

starter generator

A

one unit
direct drive (saves weight, less complex)

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3
Q

parallel generators advantages

A

safer
more power
generators carry load equally

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4
Q

parallel generator disadvantage

A

unable to maintain full output at low rpm

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5
Q

type 1 and type 2 ac generators

A

type 1 - constant RPM
type 2 - variable RPM

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6
Q

Parallel bus systems

A

older aircraft
load shared equally by all working generators

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7
Q

split bus

A

each generator powers only one main AC bus
two generators can’t power the same bus simultaneously
most apps are operational

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8
Q

split parallel power

A

safer
parallel - normal
split - isolated during malfuciton

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9
Q

constant speed drive

A

installed between variable speed engine and constant speed generator

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10
Q

integrated drive generators

A

generator and speed control to one unit

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11
Q

integrated drive advantages

A

weight / size reduction
higher RPM and power output
improved cooling

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12
Q

similarities CSD and IDG

A

hydraulic units
share oil with AC generator
oil cooling

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13
Q

variable rpm generators

A

type two
115V AC
frequency may change with engine rpm

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14
Q

variable speed constant frequency

A

400 hz output
solid-state circuitry
no need for CSD - more reliable

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15
Q

variable speed constant frequency advantages

A

no CSD
smaller / lighter
more versatile installation

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16
Q

variable speed constant frequency disadvantages

A

relatively lower power output
not as proven through one term operating

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17
Q

variable speed variable frequency AC generator

A

newer
output frequency changes with engine rpm
frequency made constant as needed during power distribution
high power output

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18
Q

RAT

A

provides limited electrical power if all engines are lost

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19
Q

static inverter

A

most critical AC power source
must be checked every night during routing maintenance
line replaceable unit

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20
Q

what is fluid power

A

transmission and conversion of power using a fluid

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21
Q

what is the application of fluid power

A

transmission of force and power through a distance

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22
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

PV/T = PV/T

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23
Q

Pascal’s Law

A

when a force is exerted on a confined fluid, the resultant pressure is transmitted equally and undiminished in all directions

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24
Q

gas vs liquid compressibility

A

liquids - non compressible
high % output achieved (low loss, high efficiency)
gas - highly compressible
loss in efficiency

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25
Q

stroke

A

distance piston moves in a cylinder
inches

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26
Q

volume

A

quantity of fluid contained in a reservoir, displaced by a pump, or displaced by an actuating cylinde
in cubic inches

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27
Q

hydraulic fluid

A

medium by which power is transferred within an aircraft

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28
Q

hydraulic equations

A

F=PA
V=AL
f=force, p=pressure, a=area, L=length, V=volume

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29
Q

what is mechanical advantage

A

amount by which the applied effort is multiplied in the output of the device

less distance = more forceq

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30
Q

what is flow rate measured in

A

gallons per minute

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31
Q

where do hydraulics have loss

A

friction within line
component loss in motors and filters

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32
Q

better hydraulic fluids have _____ viscosity

A

low

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33
Q

what thermal characteristics do we want for hydraulic fluid

A

stable structure in all temperatures

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34
Q

what flammability for hydraulic fluid

A

high flash and fire point

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35
Q

what is flash point

A

lowest temperature at which a combustible liquid produces sufficient vapor to generate an ignitable mixture

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36
Q

What chemical stability for hydraulic fluid

A

high chemical stability

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37
Q

vegetable base fluid

A

blue
older and not used much
extremely flammable

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38
Q

mineral base fluid

A

red
common in modern aircraft

39
Q

what is blue hydraulic fluid made of

A

castor oil and alcohol mixture

40
Q

what is red hydraulic fluid made of

A

petroleum distillate

41
Q

what is purple hydraulic fluid made of

A

synthetic
phosphate ester based fluid

42
Q

synthetic base fluid

A

purple
butyl seals
used in high pressure / temperature applications
low flammability
very damaging to wiring, paint, insulation

43
Q

what is the SDS

A

safety data sheet
how to handle chemicals and what not

44
Q

what should we use when messing with Skydrol

A

chemical safe resistant gloves
rubber boot
avoid all contact

45
Q

rigid tubings advantage

A

can handle high pressure

46
Q

rigid tubing disadvantages

A

cannot be used to connect vibration or movable components

47
Q

flexible hose

A

low
medium
high pressure

hoses specific to fluids

48
Q

what hose type works for all fluids

A

teflon
1500-3000psi

49
Q

fitting types

A

aluminum - low / medium pressure
steel - high pressure

50
Q

seal type

A

O ring
(cross section is an O shape)

51
Q

purpose of hydraulic filters

A

dirt is deadly, want it not there

52
Q

primary purpose of reservoirs

A

supply fluid to pumps and system components

53
Q

secondary purpose of hydraulic reservoirs

A

thermal expansion
air purging
filtration and sediment
cooling

54
Q

non-pressurized reservoir

A

vented to atmosphere to allow air to dissipate from system

55
Q

hydraulic accumulator

A

stores hydraulic fluid under pressure
back up or intermittent loads

56
Q

hydraulic pumps

A

supply fluid flow to actuating units
provide pressure to overcome system resistance

57
Q

engine driven hydraulic pump

A

activated any time engine is running
large systems

58
Q

electric hydraulic pumps

A

single, short use tasks
very efficient
lighter aircraft

59
Q

vane pumps

A

move more fluid than gear pumps
need more maintenance

60
Q

best type of hydraulic pump

A

piston pump

61
Q

what do pressure relief valves do

A

protect system from damage due to excessive pressure buildup

62
Q

what do flow control devices do

A

control direction of fluid flow
control rate movement takes place
determines sequence of movement

63
Q

what is a check valve

A

allows fluid to flow in one direction only

64
Q

4 way selector valve

A

moves actuators in two directions
(flap movement)

65
Q

3 way selector valve

A

moves flow in one direction

66
Q

2 way selector valve

A

controls flow on and off

67
Q

What is an actuating device

A

converts fluid flow to mechanical motion
linear or rotary

68
Q

purpose of landing gear

A

supports aircraft during ground operations
dampens vibrations when taxiing
cushions landing impact

69
Q

retractable landing gear

A

more aerodynamic - saves fuel
more complex
more expensive

70
Q

what is the trunnion

A

attaches landing gear assembly to airframe

71
Q

what is the shock strut

A

vertical member of the landing gear

72
Q

pivot fork and shaft

A

used when wheels are in tandem

73
Q

torque arm

A

connects shock strut to truck

74
Q

drag brace and side brace

A

stabilizes landing gear assembly longitudinally and laterally

75
Q

shock strut purpose

A

supports weight of aircraft
absorbs and displaces shock loads during landing

76
Q

oleo struts

A

fluid passing through orifice acts to absorb shock of compression
fluid is not compressible so it slows the strut collapse

77
Q

energy returning struts

A

spring steel landing gear absorbs shock of landing
(high wing Cessna type)

78
Q

why do tubeless wheels have fuse plugs

A

allows plug to blow out and release tire pressure before wheel blows up

79
Q

how are aircraft wheels retained

A

on the axle by a single axle nut in the center of the wheel
cotter pin retains axle nut

80
Q

what type of bearings do wheels have

A

roller bearings

81
Q

segmented rotor disk brakes

A

more modern design
better dissipate heat

82
Q

advantage of disc brake over drum brake

A

better at dissipating heat

83
Q

downside of disc brakes

A

single disk limits amount of friction obtained
heavy aircraft may not have enough surface area to stop aircraft

84
Q

what’s a way to get air out of the brakes

A

bleed the brakes

85
Q

how does the master cylinder work

A

master cylinder has flexible hoses that run to the caliper and sends hydraulic fluid

86
Q

Cleveland type brake

A

piston actuates pucks on either side of disk to brake
fixed disk

87
Q

good year type brake

A

disk is floating

88
Q

multiple disc problems

A

heat fires
heat build up prevents effective braking

89
Q

what indicator pin

A

how much material has been used

90
Q

mechanical gear retraction

A

older and lighter aircraft
powered by pilot operating lever or crank

91
Q

electrical landing gear retraction

A

small and light enough hydraulics are not needed

92
Q

hydraulic gear

A

all size of aircraft
landing gear is large and not economically operated

93
Q

Fuel strainer and filter purpose

A

remove foreign matters from fuel system

at 202 (6 decks)

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