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AT 202 > Exam 2 Big Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Big Review Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two types of constant RPM generators

A

CSD and IDG

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2
Q

output for constant rpm generators

A

voltage 115V AC
Frequency 400 Hz

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3
Q

What is the CSD

A

constant speed drive
installed between variable speed engine and constant speed generator
older aircraft

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4
Q

what is IDG

A

integrated drive generator
generator and speed control in one unit

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5
Q

IDG advantages

A

reduces weight and size
higher rpm and higher power output
higher alternator speed
improved cooling features

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6
Q

similarities of CSD and IDG

A

line replaceable units
both use oil / share oil with AC generator

(generator uses oil for cooling
CSD uses oil for operating the hydraulic transmission)

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7
Q

Variable RPM generator outputs

A

115 V AC
Hz may change
VSCF - 400 Hz
VSVF - changes

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8
Q

VSCF advantage

A

no CSD
smaller/lighter
more versatile installation

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9
Q

VSCF disadvantage

A

low power output
not as proven long term

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10
Q

VSVF advantage

A

no CSD or IDG
high power output
AC frequency made constant as needed during power distribution

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11
Q

parallel bus

A

electrical load shared equally by all working generators
connected by syncing bus
can be labor intensive for flight engineer

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12
Q

is apu operable on a parallel bus

A

not flight operable
ground only

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13
Q

split bus

A

generator powers one main AC bus
two generators can never power same bus
by closing breakers, one generator can power busses

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14
Q

are APUs operable in split bus

A

most are

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15
Q

split parallel power system

A

safer
parallel - normal operations
split - isolated during malfunction
split systems breaker closed during normal flight (connects left and right side busses/generators)

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16
Q

Split bus aircraft

A

A-320
A-310
B747
B777
B737

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17
Q

what is a RAT

A

ram air turbine
backup power source providing limited electrical if all engines are lost

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18
Q

Static inverter

A

most critical AC power source
changes DC to AC with battery power
must be checked each night

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19
Q

A/C with parallel bus

A

B727
early B747

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20
Q

purpose of nitrogen generator

A

removes oxygen from system to avoid potential fires or extinguish fire

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21
Q

B787 electric replacements

A

electric starters
cabin air conditioning
pressurization
motor driven hydraulic actuators
electro/hydraulic control surface actuators
nitrogen generation system
transformer rectifier

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22
Q

aircraft with split parallel

A

modern B747

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23
Q

What is fluid power

A

transmission and conversion of power using a fluid

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24
Q

Gas vs Liquid fluid power

A

Gas: compressible, low efficiency
Liquid: non compressible, high efficiency

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25
Boyle's Law
PV/T = PV/T
26
Pascal's Law
when a force is exerted on a confined fluid, the resultant pressure is transmitted equally in all directions force can be transmitted to remote units without significant energy loss
27
What is unit pressure
force on one unit of area (PSI)
28
stroke
distance piston moves in a cylinder (in)
29
volume
quantity of fluid contained (in^3)
30
Principle of fluid power
F=PA force = pressure x area V=AL volume = area x length
31
Mechanical advantage
amount by which applied effort is multiplied in output of device net gain in force by sacrificing movement
32
how does mechanical advantage work
F/A = F/A the lifting force of a hydraulic jack is amplified directly by the ratio of the surface area of the two pistons if two cylinders are connected by an incompressible fluid, and a given amount of pressure is applied to one cylinder, that same pressure is imparted to the second cylinder through the fluid connecting them. However, because pressure is equal to force per unit area, the cylinder that has a larger area will experience a force multiplication effect. Even though the pressure on both cylinders is the same, the force which is produced on the larger cylinder will be higher, proportionally higher based on the area of the cylinder.
33
Desired properties for hydraulic fluid
low viscosity stable structure in all temperatures (don't want different viscosity at different temperature( high flash and fire point (don't want vapors igniting) High chemical stability (resist oxidation and deterioration)
34
Vegetable fluid
castor oil and alcohol blue-blue green extremely flammable
35
Mineral fluid
petroleum distillate red flammable uses synthetic rubber seals
36
synthetic fluid
phosphate ester (skydrol) used for high pressure/temperature applications anti-fire/low flammability damaging to skin, wiring, paint, lungs....
37
rigid tubings
high pressure but non moveable components
38
flexible hose
medium pressures, deal with vibration/movement
39
aluminum fittings
low/medium pressure application
40
steel fittings
high pressure application
41
what seals used for synthetic fluid
Butyl seals
42
hydraulic filter purpose
remove particulate contamination dirt is deadly :)
43
if a hydraulic filter is clogged....
typically bypass valve allows fluid to bypass if clogged
44
hydraulic reservoir purposes
primary: supply fluid to pumps and system components secondary: thermal expansion, air purging, filtration and sediment, cooling
45
non pressurized reservoir
vented to atmosphere to let air dissipate smaller aircraft
46
pressurized reservoir
higher altitude aircraft minimizes foaming
47
hydraulic accumulator
stores hydraulic fluid under pressure back up or intermittent loads
48
hydraulic pump
supplies fluid flow to actuating units provides pressure to overcome system resistance
49
engine driven pump
active when engine is running transport aircraft good for large / constant need systems
50
electric pump
single use tasks (landing gear) lighter aircraft
51
big aircraft / airline hydraulic preflight checks
**again I need to find this elsewhere**
52
pressure relief valves
protect system from damage due to pressure build up
53
check valve
permits flow in only one direction
54
4 way selector valve
moves actuators in two directions
55
3 way selector valve
used if flow is required to move in one direction
56
2 way selector valve
controls flow on and off
57
actuating device purpose
convert fluid flow to mechanical motion linear or rotary
58
trunnion
attaches landing gear assembly to airframe pivots during extension and retraction
59
shock strut
vertical member that contains air-oleo shock absorber
60
truck / pivot fork and shaft
used when wheels are in tandem tilts fore and aft with attitude
61
torque arm
connects shock strut to truck restricts extension of shock strut during gear retraction holds wheel and axle in alignment with shock strut
62
drag / side brace
stabilizes landing gear assembly
63
shock strut
supports weight of aircraft absorbs / displaces landing loads
64
oleo strut
fluid acts to absorb shock of compression slows strut collapse as fluid passes through
65
energy returning strut
spring steel landing gear returns energy back to aircraft
66
aircraft wheel construction
split in 2 halves halves held together by tie or through bolts held on by single nut
67
tube type tire
needs inner seal not seen with aircraft
68
tubeless type wheel
inflation valve into wheel half o-ring seal between wheel halves
69
what safety feature due tubeless wheels have
fuse plugs to blow out and release tire pressure in event of overheat/temperature melts threads
70
important wheel preflight check
cotter pin retaining axle nut
71
what data is on the wheel data plate
part number TSO number (approved AC part) size tire accepted manufacturer torque value for tie bolts
72
brake purpose
employs hydraulic pressure holds wheels locked for parking
73
independent brake system
individual master cylinders connected to reservoir or self contained semi-rigid / flexible fluid lines wheel cylinders to apply brake action
74
Integral power brake system
typically on transport aircraft main system hydraulic pressure for braking
75
drum and shoe brake
older drum rotates shoes stationary H. pressure presses shoe against drum not great at dissipating heat
76
single disk brakes
small aircraft better at dissipating heat than drum
77
multiple disk brakes
larger aircraft, heavy duty more surface area = better friction = better braking
78
segmented rotor brakes
modern better dissipating heat
79
what happens if air gets into hydraulic system
air compresses and energy input does not get transmitted to wheels
80
if air gets into hydraulic system -
can bleed the hydraulic system to get the air out preventative maintenance
81
Cleveland type brake
piston actuates pucks on either side of disk brake to fixed disk
82
Goodyear type brake
disk is floating
83
how does the master cylinder work
has flexible hoses that run to caliper and sends hydraulic fluid
84
multiple disk issues
heat fires heat build up prevents effective braking
85
indicator pin
how much material has been used - shows wear on brakes

AT 202 (6 decks)

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