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Pharm Vasoactive Peptides > Vasoactive Peptides Chp 17 > Flashcards

Vasoactive Peptides Chp 17 Flashcards

1
Q

example of angiotensin receptor antagonist

A

Valsartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan

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2
Q

Valsartan Mechanism of Action

A

Selective Competitive antagonist of angiotensin AT1 receptors

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3
Q

Effects of Valsartan

A

Anteriolar dilation, decreased aldosterone secretion, increase NA+ and water excretion

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4
Q

Uses of Valsartan

A

HTN

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5
Q

Example of Angiotensin Receptor Agonists

A

Angiotensin ll & Compound 21

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6
Q

Mechanism of action for Angiotensin ll

A

AT1 (and AT2) receptor agonist

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7
Q

Effects of Angiotensin ll

A

Increases BP

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8
Q

Uses for Angiotensin ll

A

Vasodilatory Shock

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9
Q

What are some Converting enzyme Inhibitors

A

Enalapril & Captopril

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10
Q

Mechanism of action of Enalapril

A

Inhibits conversion of Angiotensin l to Angiotensin ll

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11
Q

Effects oof Enalapril

A

Arteriolar dilation, decreased aldosterone secretion, increased Na+ and water excretion

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12
Q

Renin Inhibitor

A

Aliskiren

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13
Q

Mechanism of action of Aliskiren

A

Inhibits catalytic activity of Renin

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14
Q

Effects of Aliskiren/Renin Inhibitor

A

Arteriolar dilation, decresed aldosterone secretion, increased Na+ and water excretion

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15
Q

Uses of Renin Inhibitors

A

HTN

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16
Q

Kinin Inhibitors

A

Icatibant, Ecallantide (plasma), Cinryze (decreased bradykinin formation-hereditary angioedema)

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17
Q

Mechanism of action of Kinin Inhibitors

A

Selective antagonists of kinin Beta2 receptors

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18
Q

Effects of Kinin Inhibitors

A

Blocks effect of kinins on pain, hyperalgesia, and inflammation

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19
Q

Examples of Vasopressin agonists

A

Arginine vasopressin, Selepressin & Terlipressin (more selective for V1A receptor

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20
Q

Mechanism of action for Vasopressin Agonist/ Arginine vasopressin

A

Agonist of vasopressin V1 (and V2) receptors

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21
Q

Effects of Vasopressin Agonist

A

Vasoconstriction

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22
Q

Usage of Vasopressin Agonist

A

Vasodilatory Shock

23
Q

What are Vasopressin Antagonists

A

Conivaptan, Relcovaptan (V1), Tolvaptan (V2)

24
Q

Vasopressin Antagonist Action

A

Antagonist of Vasopressin V1 and V2 receptors

25
Q

Effects of Vasopressin Antagonist

A

Vasodilation

26
Q

Usage of Vasopressin Antagonist

A

HTN and HF, Hyponatremia

27
Q

Examples of Natriuretic Peptide Agonists

A

Nesiritide, Vosoritide

28
Q

Mechanism of action of Natriuretic Peptide Agonists

A

Agonist on receptor sites, agonists of Ctype NPR

29
Q

Effects of NPA

A

Increases Na+ and water excretion, vasodilation; increased endochondral ossification

30
Q

Usage of NPA

A

Acute HTN and HF; Achondroplasia

31
Q

Substance P Antagonists

A

Aprepitant & Fosaprepitant (prodrug)

32
Q

Mechanism of action of Substance P Antagonists

A

Selective antagonist of tachykinin NK1 receptors

33
Q

Effects of Substance P Antagonists

A

Blocks several CNS effects of Substance P

34
Q

Usage of Substance P Antagonist

A

Prevention of chemotherapy-induced N/V

35
Q

Formation of ANG ll

A

Enzymatic cleavage of ANG l fron ANG by renin, conversion of ANG l to ANG ll by converting enzyme and degradation of ANG ll by several peptidases

36
Q

Renin release in controlled by

A

Macula Densa in response to Na+ concentration in distal tubules and decreased stretch in baroreceptors, and norepi stimulation

37
Q

Angiotensinogen in synthesized in

A

The Liver

38
Q

Role of ACE

A

converts ANG l to ANG ll and inactivated Bradykinin

39
Q

How do ACE inhibitors work

A

decrease BP without increasing HR and promote natriuresis

40
Q

ACE inhibitors inhibit…

A

Degradation of bradykinin, substance P, and enkephalins

41
Q

Excess Bradykinin

A

Causes cough and angioedema

42
Q

Plasma prekallikrein activated by

A

coagulation factor Xll (FXlla)

43
Q

4 classic symptoms of inflammation

A

Redness, local heat, swelling, and pain

44
Q

How many vasopressin receptors?

A

3 and all are G-protein coupled (V1a, V1b, and V2)

45
Q

V1a

A

Vasoconstriction

46
Q

V1b

A

mediate release of ACTH

47
Q

V2

A

mediate antidiuretic action

48
Q

ANP is derived from

A

cardiac cells and ventricular myocardium

49
Q

ET-1

A

secreted by vascular endothelium

50
Q

ET-2

A

produced in the kidneys and intestines

51
Q

ET-3

A

brain, but also present in GIT, lungs and kidneys

52
Q

Where are the ET-A receptors found

A

smooth muscle (vasoconstrict)

53
Q

Where are ET-B receptors found

A

vascular endothelial cells, where they mediate release of PGI-2 and nitric oxide

Pharm Vasoactive Peptides (4 decks)

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