Limitations Flashcards

1
Q

Load Limit Is

A

Max load expected in services

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2
Q

Ultimate Load Limit

A

Failing of a structure 1.5 times to load limit

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3
Q

Load Limit for CS25

A

2.5G

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4
Q

Load Limit for CS23 commuter

A

3.8G

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5
Q

Load Limit for a CS23 utility

A

4.4G

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6
Q

Load Limit for CS23 aerobatics

A

6G

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7
Q

Manoeuvre Envelope

A

Referred to as the Vn diagram (load factor against EAS)

The set out envelope we fly within

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8
Q

Stall Boundary in the Vn graph is where

A

Left had side of the envelope below the va speed

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9
Q

Vd

A

Design speed - used by engineer to structural will be the speed at which ac structure fails if falls outside this

Vibration and flutter likely

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10
Q

Va

A

Design Manoeuvre speed

Highest speed at which sudden full up elevator can be made without exceeding limit load factor

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11
Q

Va - Design Manoeuvre speed varies with

A

Mass - higher mass gives us a greater va

Altitude - va increases with altitude

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12
Q

Vc is

A

The design cruise speed

Faster than vb to cope with inadvertent speed increases by turbulence

Must be 32% more than VB

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13
Q

Vb

A

Design speed for max gust intensity

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14
Q

Vmo

A

Maximum operating speed

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15
Q

MNO

A

Max operating speed at altitude when flying with a Mach number

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16
Q

VLE

A

Max landing gear extended speed

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17
Q

VLO

A

Max speed when extending landing gear

Speed lower than VLE

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18
Q

VFE

A

Maximum flaps extension speed

Reduces max load factor

19
Q

Vra

A

Turbulence penetration speed

Must be 35kt below vmo

20
Q

Vne

A

Small aeroplane never exceed speed
Set at 0.9 VD
Red radial line on ASI
Small margin

21
Q

VNO

A

Maximum structural cruise speed
Cannot be faster than VC
0.89 of Vne

22
Q

Gust Loads

A

Sudden extra load felt through turbulence vertically

23
Q

How do you cope with a gust load

A

Maintain altitude and allow ac to respond naturally to severe up/down droughts

24
Q

Gust loads what to do with speed and altitude

A

Fly close to Vb and descend if near aerodynamic ceiling

25
Q

Altitude on gust load factor

A

Low altitude means higher gust load factor

Higher altitude means lower gust factor

26
Q

Mass on load factor

A

Higher the mass the lower the load factor

Lower the mass the greater the load factor

27
Q

Wing loading on load factor

A

Low wing loading has a higher load factor

High wing load has a lower load factor

28
Q

Airspeed on wing load

A

Higher airspeed has a higher load factor increase

Lower airspeed has a lower load factor increase

29
Q

Load factor is proportional to

A

Wing area
AOA
EAS

30
Q

Wing load is inversely proportional to

A

Wing loading
Mass
Altitude

31
Q

Where does the gust load factor envelope start for speed and load factor on the graph

A

LF - 1
VS - 0

32
Q

Vb Gust load factor

A

+-66FPS

33
Q

Vc gust load factor FPS

A

+-50fps

34
Q

VD gust load factor fps

A

+-25FPS

35
Q

Resonance

A

Mass/stiffness determine natural frequency of oscillations

Flutter - mass balancing and putting mass in front of hinge line

36
Q

What needs to be taken into account when determining Va?

A

The Limit Load factor

37
Q

How do you calculate Va from VS1

A

Find limiting load factor (4.4/2.5g etc)

Use three step method to calculate VA from limiting load factor a load factor at 1G

38
Q

VNo must not be greater than what of VNE

A

0.89

39
Q

Large transport ac VC to VD negative load factor limit

A

VC -1
VD 0

40
Q

MMO VMO applies to

A

CS23/S25

41
Q

VNO and VNE apples to

A

CS23

42
Q

Load Limit of a CS25 AC with flaps extended

A

2.0g

43
Q

Design speeds and design gust values are

A

EAS