Function of respiration

Question 1

Function of nostril

Answer 1

passageway into nasal cavity

Question 2

Function of nasal cavity

Answer 2

• warming air to body temp = capillaries
• moisten air and cleansed of dust = mucus
• move trapped particles into nose or throat to be sneezed/cough = cilia
• max gas exchange = turbinate bone

Question 3

Function of pharynx (throat)

Answer 3

• connects mouth and nasal cavity
• a passage way for food and air (allows air to only pass thorough to epiglottis)

Question 4

Function Epiglottis

Answer 4

• covers the glottis
• allows air to pass into larynx

Question 5

Function of glottis

Answer 5

• opening of the trachea to let air release from lungs and go into lungs -> control air flow

Question 6

Function of larynx

Answer 6

-made of connective tissues
- allows air to pass freely thorough (pulling apart vocal cords) + MAKES SURE FOOD DOES NOT GO IN
- used to make sound - has 2 membrane
- vocal cords move closer together so pressure of air expels from lungs

Question 7

What is the difference in sound with a longer vocal cord and a shorter vocal cord?

Answer 7

longer = deeper
shorter = higher

Question 8

Why do males tend to have voice cracks during puberty?

Answer 8

Their vocal cords grow fast causing voice cracks -> will be gone after it finishes growing

Question 9

Function of trachea

Answer 9

• connects larynx to lungs
• allows air from larynx and lungs
• like the last protection from foreign substances

Question 10

Function of bronchi

Answer 10

• 1 goes into each lung
• distributes air

Question 11

Function of bronchioles

Answer 11

• a microscopic tubules
• supplies air to all parts of lungs

Question 12

Function of alveoli

Answer 12

• increases surface area for max. gas exchange
• one cell thick = allow faster diffusion to occur to get oxygen into capillaries
• has lipoprotein to keep moisture of air and also has lube

Question 13

Why does air need to be moist?

Answer 13

to not damage tissues and allow faster diffusion (dissolves air also)

Question 14

How many lobes does the lungs have?

Answer 14

right = 3
left = 2

Question 15

Function of pleura

Answer 15

• outer = in chest wall
• inner = lungs
• lubricates layer to easily slide against each other to allows us to breathe
• ALSO THE SPACE/FLUID IN BETWEEN LAYER IS USED FOR VENTILATION

Question 16

What is the gas exchange in respiratory system?

Answer 16

• diffuse O2 from alveoli (higher concentration) to a low concentration in the capillaries and vise versa for CO2

Question 17

How is gases transported?

Answer 17

O2 = mostly hemoglobin (99%), and a little in plasma (1%)
CO2 = hemoglobin (23%), blood fluids (77%)

Question 18

Why is surface area important?

Answer 18

High surface area = more gas exchange, meaning quicker cell respiration needs

Question 19

How do vocal cords produce sound?

Answer 19

Pressure from lung expel air that causes cords to vibrate and come together - creating waves

Question 20

What does not allow trachea to collapse?

Answer 20

the circular loops of cartilage - allowing movement

Question 21

Which structures have cartilage?

Answer 21

Larynx and trachea

Question 22

What causes hiccups?

Answer 22

Diaphragm forcefully pushing air out of vocal cords

Question 23

Where is cilia mainly found?

Answer 23

Bronchus and nasal cavity

Question 24

What is the upper resp?

Answer 24

nostril, nasal cavity, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea (ANYWHERE NOT IN LUNGS)

Question 25

What is the lower resp?

Answer 25

Bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli (ANYTHING IN LUNGS)