Food Safety and Management 2023 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is in charge of the FDA food code and what does it generally entail?

A

US Public Health Service
Model for safeguarding the public health and ensuring food is unadulterated and honestly presented when offered to the consumer.

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2
Q

Where is the California Food Code found?

A

CA Health and Safety Code, Division 104 Part 7
Sections 113700-114437

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3
Q

Where is the Sherman Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Law found and what does it entail?

A

CA Health and Safety Code, Division 104 Part 5
Regulates packaging, labeling, advertising, adulteration, and misbranding
Truth-in-Menu
Wholesale vs retail

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4
Q

What is the US Dept of Agriculture responsible for in regards to foods?

A

The safety and security of meat, poultry, dairy products, and other foods of animal origin

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5
Q

What is the CA Dept of Food and Agriculture responsible for in regards to foods?

A

Milk and Dairy Food Safety

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6
Q

What is the CA Dept of Public Health responsible for in regards to foods?

A

Food, drug, and radiation safety division
Drinking water and environmental management

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7
Q

What are P” items in foods? What is the risk level? What sort of actions can be taken for these items? Provide examples of these items

A

Priority items - High risk
These are items that can present hazards associated with Food Born Illness or Injury
Action - elimination, prevention, or reduction to an acceptable level
Ex: hot and cold water, food temperatures

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8
Q

What are PF” items in foods? What is the risk level? What sort of actions can be taken for these items? Provide examples of these items

A

Priority Foundation Items - Medium Risk
Requires procedure and incorporation of specific actions
ex: training, HACCP plans, documentation, labeling

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9
Q

What are Core Items” items in foods? What is the risk level? Provide examples of these items

A

Low risk
General sanitation, operational controls, facility design

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10
Q

What is the definition of a food establishment?

A

An operation which stores, prepares, packages, and serves food for human consumption on or off premises

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11
Q

What is the main action done by food establishments?

A

Provides food to a consumer directly, or indirectly through delivery, takeout orders, or delivery service carriers.

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12
Q

What type of facilities does the term “Food Establishment” include?

A

Mobile, stationary, temporary, or permanent facility/locations
Transportation vehicles, central prep facilities for vending or satellite feeding

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13
Q

Does a facility qualify as a Food Establishment if the food is free?

A

No
It is considered a food facility whether or not there is a charge for the food

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14
Q

What is a temporary food establishment and what level of risk is this? why?

A

Single event not more than 14 days
High risk due to improvised controls as well as potential for inexperienced food handlers

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15
Q

What is not considered a food establishment (six total)

A

Facility with only pre-packaged non-potentially hazardous food
Produce stands with fresh and whole product
Food processing plant
Private homes
Owner-occupied Bed&Breakfast
Small day care

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16
Q

What are the three main contamination sources for foods?

A

Biological
Chemical
Physical

17
Q

What does FATTOM stand for and what is it in relation to?

A

Biological contamination - Bacteria
Fats
Acids
Time
Temperature
Oxygen
Moisture

18
Q

At what pH does bacteria grow best? What is the exception?

A

When pH>4.6
Butter pH 6.1-6.4

19
Q

What is the range for bacterial growth in relation to moisture?

A

Water activity - 0.6-0.97

20
Q

What are the three general foodborne illness types? Please define them

A
  1. Infection - infectious bacteria that grows in both food and humans
  2. Intoxication - intoxicating bacteria in large numbers that have produced toxins
  3. Toxin-mediated - intoxicating bacteria that ingest and produce toxins in the human body
21
Q

How long do infectious bacteria take to show symptoms? What are the six infectious pathogens and their gram-staining results?

A

12hr-70 days
Salmonella -
Campylobacter -
Listeria +
Shigella -
Yersinia -
Vibrio species -

22
Q

How long do intoxicating bacteria take to show symptoms?
What are the three intoxicating pathogens and their gram-staining results?

A

1-36 hours
Clostridium botulinum anaerobic +
Bacillus cereus +
Staphylococcus aureus +

23
Q

How long do toxin mediated bacteria take to show symptoms?
What are the three toxin mediated bacteria and their gram-staining results?

A

8-24 hours
E. coli -
Bacillus cereus +
Clostridium species +

24
Q

What two viruses are known to induce food-borne illnesses and what are their incubation times?

A

Hepatitis A and E - 2 weeks to 4 months
Norovirus - 24 hours

25
Q

What are three amoebas known to induce FBI and what are their incubation times as well as symptoms?

A

Cryptosporidium - 2-20 days, diarrhea/cough
Cyclospora - 1-2 weeks, explosive diarrhea
Giardia lamblia - 1-3 weeks, watery/greasy diarrhea

26
Q

What are two parasites known to induce FBI? What are their symptoms and incubation times?

A

Trichinella - affects muscle, heart, brain. Can last for years
Anisakis - severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. Within hours

27
Q

What are the four types of vegetative bacteria and where are they found?

A

Raw animal and processed foods
Salmonella
Listeria monocytogenes
Vibrio spp.
Campylobacter jejuni
E. coli 0157:H7

28
Q

What are the three control measures for biological contamination?

A

Temperature control
Hand-washing/no bare handling RTE
Employee health

29
Q

What are the heat resistant bacteria (three)?

A

Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium botulinum
Bacillus cereus